e-YDS: İngilizce Deneme Sınavı – 6

1. – 6. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere uygun düşen sözcük veya ifadeyi bulunuz.

Heart disease, stroke and lung cancer —- constitute 35 per cent of all deaths in the US.

Controlled diet studies —- that saturated fat increases cholesterol levels.

The worst fires firemen have to —- are those that emit stifling smoke and noxious gases.

The Maastricht Treaty, which laid down the rules for euro membership, says that governments may not have budget —- of more than 3% of their GDP.

There were plenty of people willing to —- the experiment as the subject, “controlling emotions”, attracted them.

Cloud seeding, a technique which attempts to make precipitation by dispersing silver iodide particles into clouds, remains —- because it is quite difficult to prove whether it actually works.

7. – 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere uygun düşen sözcük veya ifadeyi bulunuz.

A brain abscess may be fatal —- it is treated with antibiotics.

Some 30 women are running in the Kuwaiti general election, —- few, if any, are expected to win.

The belief that anyone can aspire to anything is —- America’s greatest gifts to the world.

Studying the origin of language was once thought to be —- an endeavour —- scientific societies actually forbade it.

Having found the appropriate archives, it is now possible —- with some degree of certainty what really —-.

They are installing a great deal of information technology, —- the staff are quite incapable of using it.

After the collapse of the Soviet Union and the opening of formerly closed borders, traders —- Georgia and Armenia, crossed over the borders —- Turkey to make a living.

There’s a broad range of opinions —- the biological consequences of being exposed —- the contaminated environment near Chernobyl.

Until quite recently, no one —- the deadly germ that causes anthrax —- outside a living host.

Shanghai —- curb pollution or its citizens —- rapidly increasing ill health.

17. – 21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük veya ifadeyi bulunuz.

Although radon causes many deaths, it is clear that a lot of them are preventable. Radon tests are cheap, and when the gas (17) —-, diverting it from buildings is (18) —- a simple matter of fitting vents, fans or membranes. (19) —- in people’s homes, rates of testing and remediation have been slow-moving. And (20) —- it comes to workplaces, the dangers (21) —- radon are barely recognized.

Although radon causes many deaths, it is clear that a lot of them are preventable. Radon tests are cheap, and when the gas (17) —-, diverting it from buildings is (18) —- a simple matter of fitting vents, fans or membranes. (19) —- in people’s homes, rates of testing and remediation have been slow-moving. And (20) —- it comes to workplaces, the dangers (21) —- radon are barely recognized.

Although radon causes many deaths, it is clear that a lot of them are preventable. Radon tests are cheap, and when the gas (17) —-, diverting it from buildings is (18) —- a simple matter of fitting vents, fans or membranes. (19) —- in people’s homes, rates of testing and remediation have been slow-moving. And (20) —- it comes to workplaces, the dangers (21) —- radon are barely recognized.

Although radon causes many deaths, it is clear that a lot of them are preventable. Radon tests are cheap, and when the gas (17) —-, diverting it from buildings is (18) —- a simple matter of fitting vents, fans or membranes. (19) —- in people’s homes, rates of testing and remediation have been slow-moving. And (20) —- it comes to workplaces, the dangers (21) —- radon are barely recognized.

Although radon causes many deaths, it is clear that a lot of them are preventable. Radon tests are cheap, and when the gas (17) —-, diverting it from buildings is (18) —- a simple matter of fitting vents, fans or membranes. (19) —- in people’s homes, rates of testing and remediation have been slow-moving. And (20) —- it comes to workplaces, the dangers (21) —- radon are barely recognized.

22. – 26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük veya ifadeyi bulunuz.

Fifteen million Europeans are infected by the hepatitis B and C viruses, and chronic hepatitis is responsible for two-thirds of all cirrhoses and cancers of the liver. Thanks to experience with HIV, we (22) —- multi-therapy strategies in our fight (23) —- hepatitis, combining several drugs to reduce the development of any resistance. These strategies now allow us to completely (24) —- the virus from the patient’s body in 50% of hepatitis C cases. (25) —-, multi-therapy treatment can only halt hepatitis B, not cure it. This is why vaccination is (26) —- important.

Fifteen million Europeans are infected by the hepatitis B and C viruses, and chronic hepatitis is responsible for two-thirds of all cirrhoses and cancers of the liver. Thanks to experience with HIV, we (22) —- multi-therapy strategies in our fight (23) —- hepatitis, combining several drugs to reduce the development of any resistance. These strategies now allow us to completely (24) —- the virus from the patient’s body in 50% of hepatitis C cases. (25) —-, multi-therapy treatment can only halt hepatitis B, not cure it. This is why vaccination is (26) —- important.

Fifteen million Europeans are infected by the hepatitis B and C viruses, and chronic hepatitis is responsible for two-thirds of all cirrhoses and cancers of the liver. Thanks to experience with HIV, we (22) —- multi-therapy strategies in our fight (23) —- hepatitis, combining several drugs to reduce the development of any resistance. These strategies now allow us to completely (24) —- the virus from the patient’s body in 50% of hepatitis C cases. (25) —-, multi-therapy treatment can only halt hepatitis B, not cure it. This is why vaccination is (26) —- important.

Fifteen million Europeans are infected by the hepatitis B and C viruses, and chronic hepatitis is responsible for two-thirds of all cirrhoses and cancers of the liver. Thanks to experience with HIV, we (22) —- multi-therapy strategies in our fight (23) —- hepatitis, combining several drugs to reduce the development of any resistance. These strategies now allow us to completely (24) —- the virus from the patient’s body in 50% of hepatitis C cases. (25) —-, multi-therapy treatment can only halt hepatitis B, not cure it. This is why vaccination is (26) —- important.

Fifteen million Europeans are infected by the hepatitis B and C viruses, and chronic hepatitis is responsible for two-thirds of all cirrhoses and cancers of the liver. Thanks to experience with HIV, we (22) —- multi-therapy strategies in our fight (23) —- hepatitis, combining several drugs to reduce the development of any resistance. These strategies now allow us to completely (24) —- the virus from the patient’s body in 50% of hepatitis C cases. (25) —-, multi-therapy treatment can only halt hepatitis B, not cure it. This is why vaccination is (26) —- important.

27. – 36. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.

—- so that future encounters with the same pathogen are dealt with swiftly.

—- until James Watson and Francis Crick proposed a model for its structure that had extraordinary explanatory power.

Until fairly recently, management could have bought peace with generous increases in pay, —-.

The most stunning recent museums, —-, are art objects themselves.

Whatever Luhrmann’s New York critics may think of his new production of La Bohème, —-.

—- before he became a film-maker.

As investigators learn more about what is happening in the brain during the exact moment of insight, —-.

—- because its ice sheet exerts a tremendous influence on many ecological cycles.

Scientists worry —-.

—-, it rode aboard the massive Saturn V rocket.

37. – 42. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz.

Couples, who repeatedly break up and then make up, often find themselves caught between their desire for freedom and their fear of regret.

Despite the chance that antibiotics may increase the risk of infection by suppressing some bacteria and allowing others to grow faster, these drugs can greatly reduce the risk of infection when used properly.

Among the most exciting recent developments in medical technology are techniques that allow physicians to see the organs and organ systems without resorting to surgery.

2012 yazında Mars’ın atmosferinde oluşan bulutlar, ilk defa olarak beklenmeyen bir yükseklikte sıcaklığın -193°C olduğu 80-100 km arasında gözlemlendi.

Her ne kadar hücreler çok farklı gibi görünse de temel özellikleri dikkate değer şekilde benzerdir.

Enzim bozukluklarını içeren yüzlerce insan hastalığına gen değişimlerinin neden olduğu anlaşılmıştır.

43. – 46. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

When a patient sees a doctor, the patient is seeking help –- to regain or retain health. The physician’s task is to work for the patient’s health. The doctor does so by treating disease, by relieving discomfort, by assisting the patient with any disability, by preventing premature death, and by maximizing contentment. (Some have summarized these activities as tackling ‘the five D’s’ of health – disease, discomfort, disability, death, and dissatisfaction). Often there is success in all these areas. In the best of circumstances, the doctor is able to prevent disease and help the patient remain healthy. In other cases, disease and death defeat us. In some cases none of the goals are achieved, but even that outcome must not stop us from trying. By focusing on the health of the patient, the doctor tests the myriad activities of clinical medicine against the health outcome of the patient.

According to the passage, as regards ‘the five D’s’ of health, —-.

When a patient sees a doctor, the patient is seeking help –- to regain or retain health. The physician’s task is to work for the patient’s health. The doctor does so by treating disease, by relieving discomfort, by assisting the patient with any disability, by preventing premature death, and by maximizing contentment. (Some have summarized these activities as tackling ‘the five D’s’ of health – disease, discomfort, disability, death, and dissatisfaction). Often there is success in all these areas. In the best of circumstances, the doctor is able to prevent disease and help the patient remain healthy. In other cases, disease and death defeat us. In some cases none of the goals are achieved, but even that outcome must not stop us from trying. By focusing on the health of the patient, the doctor tests the myriad activities of clinical medicine against the health outcome of the patient.

It is stressed in the passage that a patient seeks medical help —-.

When a patient sees a doctor, the patient is seeking help –- to regain or retain health. The physician’s task is to work for the patient’s health. The doctor does so by treating disease, by relieving discomfort, by assisting the patient with any disability, by preventing premature death, and by maximizing contentment. (Some have summarized these activities as tackling ‘the five D’s’ of health – disease, discomfort, disability, death, and dissatisfaction). Often there is success in all these areas. In the best of circumstances, the doctor is able to prevent disease and help the patient remain healthy. In other cases, disease and death defeat us. In some cases none of the goals are achieved, but even that outcome must not stop us from trying. By focusing on the health of the patient, the doctor tests the myriad activities of clinical medicine against the health outcome of the patient.

We understand from the passage that, in offering medical help to a patient, the physician —-.

When a patient sees a doctor, the patient is seeking help –- to regain or retain health. The physician’s task is to work for the patient’s health. The doctor does so by treating disease, by relieving discomfort, by assisting the patient with any disability, by preventing premature death, and by maximizing contentment. (Some have summarized these activities as tackling ‘the five D’s’ of health – disease, discomfort, disability, death, and dissatisfaction). Often there is success in all these areas. In the best of circumstances, the doctor is able to prevent disease and help the patient remain healthy. In other cases, disease and death defeat us. In some cases none of the goals are achieved, but even that outcome must not stop us from trying. By focusing on the health of the patient, the doctor tests the myriad activities of clinical medicine against the health outcome of the patient.

In this passage, emphasis is put on the fact that —-.

47. – 50. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

Cancer describes a class of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth of aberrant cells. Cancers kill by the destructive invasion of normal organs through direct extension and spread to distant sites via the blood, lymph, or serosal surfaces. The abnormal clinical behaviour of cancer cells is often mirrored by biologic aberrations such as genetic mutations, chromosomal translocations, expression of fetal or other discordant ontologic characteristics, and the inappropriate secretion of hormones or enzymes. All cancers invade or metastasize but each specific type has unique biologic and clinical features that must be appreciated for proper diagnosis, treatment and study. About 1.2 million new cases of invasive cancer are diagnosed each year in the United States, and about 500,000 people die annually of the disease. Cancer is the second most deadly disease and is expected to surpass heart disease early in the twenty-first century to top that vicious list. Over the past half century, the frequency of most cancers has been stable, but some dramatic changes have taken place. Steady declines in stomach and uterine cancer have occurred, the latter undoubtedly due to routine cytologic screening for cervical cancer. The cause of the decline in stomach cancer is unknown. The most striking change has been the increases in lung cancer in both men and women, undoubtedly related to smoking.

It is pointed out in the passage that, over the next few decades, mortality due to cancer —-.

Cancer describes a class of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth of aberrant cells. Cancers kill by the destructive invasion of normal organs through direct extension and spread to distant sites via the blood, lymph, or serosal surfaces. The abnormal clinical behaviour of cancer cells is often mirrored by biologic aberrations such as genetic mutations, chromosomal translocations, expression of fetal or other discordant ontologic characteristics, and the inappropriate secretion of hormones or enzymes. All cancers invade or metastasize but each specific type has unique biologic and clinical features that must be appreciated for proper diagnosis, treatment and study. About 1.2 million new cases of invasive cancer are diagnosed each year in the United States, and about 500,000 people die annually of the disease. Cancer is the second most deadly disease and is expected to surpass heart disease early in the twenty-first century to top that vicious list. Over the past half century, the frequency of most cancers has been stable, but some dramatic changes have taken place. Steady declines in stomach and uterine cancer have occurred, the latter undoubtedly due to routine cytologic screening for cervical cancer. The cause of the decline in stomach cancer is unknown. The most striking change has been the increases in lung cancer in both men and women, undoubtedly related to smoking.

As it is pointed out in the passage, cancer —-.

Cancer describes a class of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth of aberrant cells. Cancers kill by the destructive invasion of normal organs through direct extension and spread to distant sites via the blood, lymph, or serosal surfaces. The abnormal clinical behaviour of cancer cells is often mirrored by biologic aberrations such as genetic mutations, chromosomal translocations, expression of fetal or other discordant ontologic characteristics, and the inappropriate secretion of hormones or enzymes. All cancers invade or metastasize but each specific type has unique biologic and clinical features that must be appreciated for proper diagnosis, treatment and study. About 1.2 million new cases of invasive cancer are diagnosed each year in the United States, and about 500,000 people die annually of the disease. Cancer is the second most deadly disease and is expected to surpass heart disease early in the twenty-first century to top that vicious list. Over the past half century, the frequency of most cancers has been stable, but some dramatic changes have taken place. Steady declines in stomach and uterine cancer have occurred, the latter undoubtedly due to routine cytologic screening for cervical cancer. The cause of the decline in stomach cancer is unknown. The most striking change has been the increases in lung cancer in both men and women, undoubtedly related to smoking.

We learn from the passage that, among the different cancers, lung cancer —-.

Cancer describes a class of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth of aberrant cells. Cancers kill by the destructive invasion of normal organs through direct extension and spread to distant sites via the blood, lymph, or serosal surfaces. The abnormal clinical behaviour of cancer cells is often mirrored by biologic aberrations such as genetic mutations, chromosomal translocations, expression of fetal or other discordant ontologic characteristics, and the inappropriate secretion of hormones or enzymes. All cancers invade or metastasize but each specific type has unique biologic and clinical features that must be appreciated for proper diagnosis, treatment and study. About 1.2 million new cases of invasive cancer are diagnosed each year in the United States, and about 500,000 people die annually of the disease. Cancer is the second most deadly disease and is expected to surpass heart disease early in the twenty-first century to top that vicious list. Over the past half century, the frequency of most cancers has been stable, but some dramatic changes have taken place. Steady declines in stomach and uterine cancer have occurred, the latter undoubtedly due to routine cytologic screening for cervical cancer. The cause of the decline in stomach cancer is unknown. The most striking change has been the increases in lung cancer in both men and women, undoubtedly related to smoking.

We learn from the passage that cancer cells —-.

51. – 54. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

The US Supreme Court is not a radical institution, nor is it likely to become one as a result of any particular presidential election. The risks for the judiciary in presidential elections are a lot lower than many people imagine. This is not because there are no significant ideological or methodological differences among judges. Differences do exist, and they display party affiliation to some extent. And they matter – not just on public issues such as abortion rights and racial discrimination but also in those procedures that actually guide the way lower courts handle a large variety of legal cases. That said, the courts have pretty strong institutional defences against radicalism of any kind. For one thing, the judiciary’s power is spread among more than 800 federal judges, no one of whose views matter all that much in the broad scheme of things. Even on the Supreme Court the idiosyncrasies or ideological extremism of any one judge can have only a limited effect. Without four likeminded judges, his or her views are just noise.

It is pointed out in the passage that though there are differences of opinion within the judiciary, —-.

The US Supreme Court is not a radical institution, nor is it likely to become one as a result of any particular presidential election. The risks for the judiciary in presidential elections are a lot lower than many people imagine. This is not because there are no significant ideological or methodological differences among judges. Differences do exist, and they display party affiliation to some extent. And they matter – not just on public issues such as abortion rights and racial discrimination but also in those procedures that actually guide the way lower courts handle a large variety of legal cases. That said, the courts have pretty strong institutional defences against radicalism of any kind. For one thing, the judiciary’s power is spread among more than 800 federal judges, no one of whose views matter all that much in the broad scheme of things. Even on the Supreme Court the idiosyncrasies or ideological extremism of any one judge can have only a limited effect. Without four likeminded judges, his or her views are just noise.

According to the passage, the Supreme Court of the US —-.

The US Supreme Court is not a radical institution, nor is it likely to become one as a result of any particular presidential election. The risks for the judiciary in presidential elections are a lot lower than many people imagine. This is not because there are no significant ideological or methodological differences among judges. Differences do exist, and they display party affiliation to some extent. And they matter – not just on public issues such as abortion rights and racial discrimination but also in those procedures that actually guide the way lower courts handle a large variety of legal cases. That said, the courts have pretty strong institutional defences against radicalism of any kind. For one thing, the judiciary’s power is spread among more than 800 federal judges, no one of whose views matter all that much in the broad scheme of things. Even on the Supreme Court the idiosyncrasies or ideological extremism of any one judge can have only a limited effect. Without four likeminded judges, his or her views are just noise.

According to the passage, all rulings of the Supreme Court —-.

The US Supreme Court is not a radical institution, nor is it likely to become one as a result of any particular presidential election. The risks for the judiciary in presidential elections are a lot lower than many people imagine. This is not because there are no significant ideological or methodological differences among judges. Differences do exist, and they display party affiliation to some extent. And they matter – not just on public issues such as abortion rights and racial discrimination but also in those procedures that actually guide the way lower courts handle a large variety of legal cases. That said, the courts have pretty strong institutional defences against radicalism of any kind. For one thing, the judiciary’s power is spread among more than 800 federal judges, no one of whose views matter all that much in the broad scheme of things. Even on the Supreme Court the idiosyncrasies or ideological extremism of any one judge can have only a limited effect. Without four likeminded judges, his or her views are just noise.

It is clear from the passage that the US judiciary system —-.

55. – 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

During the Renaissance, especially in the sixteenth century, it was customary to debate the pre-eminence of the arts, particularly as between painting and sculpture. The more commonly accepted opinion is represented by Benvenuto Cellini, who thought that sculpture is eight times as great as any other art based on drawing, because a statue has eight views and they must all be equally good. A painting, he said, is nothing better than the image of a tree, man, or other object. In fact, the difference between painting and sculpture is as great as between a shadow and the object casting it. Leonardo, on the other hand, thought that painting is superior to sculpture because it is more intellectual. By this he meant that as a technique it is infinitely more subtle in the effects that it can produce, and infinitely wider in the scope it offers to invention or imagination. Michelangelo, when the question was referred to him, in his wise and direct way said that things which have the same end are themselves the same, and that therefore there could be no difference between painting and sculpture except differences due to better judgment and harder work.

We understand from the passage that Michelangelo’s view concerning the relative merits of painting and sculpture —-.

During the Renaissance, especially in the sixteenth century, it was customary to debate the pre-eminence of the arts, particularly as between painting and sculpture. The more commonly accepted opinion is represented by Benvenuto Cellini, who thought that sculpture is eight times as great as any other art based on drawing, because a statue has eight views and they must all be equally good. A painting, he said, is nothing better than the image of a tree, man, or other object. In fact, the difference between painting and sculpture is as great as between a shadow and the object casting it. Leonardo, on the other hand, thought that painting is superior to sculpture because it is more intellectual. By this he meant that as a technique it is infinitely more subtle in the effects that it can produce, and infinitely wider in the scope it offers to invention or imagination. Michelangelo, when the question was referred to him, in his wise and direct way said that things which have the same end are themselves the same, and that therefore there could be no difference between painting and sculpture except differences due to better judgment and harder work.

As pointed out in the passage, according to Cellini —-.

During the Renaissance, especially in the sixteenth century, it was customary to debate the pre-eminence of the arts, particularly as between painting and sculpture. The more commonly accepted opinion is represented by Benvenuto Cellini, who thought that sculpture is eight times as great as any other art based on drawing, because a statue has eight views and they must all be equally good. A painting, he said, is nothing better than the image of a tree, man, or other object. In fact, the difference between painting and sculpture is as great as between a shadow and the object casting it. Leonardo, on the other hand, thought that painting is superior to sculpture because it is more intellectual. By this he meant that as a technique it is infinitely more subtle in the effects that it can produce, and infinitely wider in the scope it offers to invention or imagination. Michelangelo, when the question was referred to him, in his wise and direct way said that things which have the same end are themselves the same, and that therefore there could be no difference between painting and sculpture except differences due to better judgment and harder work.

It is clear from the passage that, during the 16th century, —-.

During the Renaissance, especially in the sixteenth century, it was customary to debate the pre-eminence of the arts, particularly as between painting and sculpture. The more commonly accepted opinion is represented by Benvenuto Cellini, who thought that sculpture is eight times as great as any other art based on drawing, because a statue has eight views and they must all be equally good. A painting, he said, is nothing better than the image of a tree, man, or other object. In fact, the difference between painting and sculpture is as great as between a shadow and the object casting it. Leonardo, on the other hand, thought that painting is superior to sculpture because it is more intellectual. By this he meant that as a technique it is infinitely more subtle in the effects that it can produce, and infinitely wider in the scope it offers to invention or imagination. Michelangelo, when the question was referred to him, in his wise and direct way said that things which have the same end are themselves the same, and that therefore there could be no difference between painting and sculpture except differences due to better judgment and harder work.

The point is made in the passage that, for Leonardo, —-.

59. – 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

A nonprofessional-class working mother, who has been forced unwillingly into the labour market, is oppressed by various unique forces. She is oppressed by the fact that her work is oftentimes physically exhausting, ill-paid, and devoid of benefits such as health insurance and paid sick leave. She is oppressed by the fact that it is impossible to put a small child in reliable day-care if you make only a minimum wage, and she is oppressed by the terrible child-care options that are available at an inexpensive rate. She is oppressed by the fact that she has nothing to fall back on. If she is out of work, and her child needs a visit to the doctor and antibiotics, she may not be able to afford those things and will have to treat her sick child with unprescribed medications, which themselves are far from cheap.

We understand from the passage that a working mother, without a career, —-.

A nonprofessional-class working mother, who has been forced unwillingly into the labour market, is oppressed by various unique forces. She is oppressed by the fact that her work is oftentimes physically exhausting, ill-paid, and devoid of benefits such as health insurance and paid sick leave. She is oppressed by the fact that it is impossible to put a small child in reliable day-care if you make only a minimum wage, and she is oppressed by the terrible child-care options that are available at an inexpensive rate. She is oppressed by the fact that she has nothing to fall back on. If she is out of work, and her child needs a visit to the doctor and antibiotics, she may not be able to afford those things and will have to treat her sick child with unprescribed medications, which themselves are far from cheap.

It is clear from the passage that, when a nonprofessional working mother loses her job —-.

A nonprofessional-class working mother, who has been forced unwillingly into the labour market, is oppressed by various unique forces. She is oppressed by the fact that her work is oftentimes physically exhausting, ill-paid, and devoid of benefits such as health insurance and paid sick leave. She is oppressed by the fact that it is impossible to put a small child in reliable day-care if you make only a minimum wage, and she is oppressed by the terrible child-care options that are available at an inexpensive rate. She is oppressed by the fact that she has nothing to fall back on. If she is out of work, and her child needs a visit to the doctor and antibiotics, she may not be able to afford those things and will have to treat her sick child with unprescribed medications, which themselves are far from cheap.

We understand from the passage that many nonprofessional working mothers —-.

A nonprofessional-class working mother, who has been forced unwillingly into the labour market, is oppressed by various unique forces. She is oppressed by the fact that her work is oftentimes physically exhausting, ill-paid, and devoid of benefits such as health insurance and paid sick leave. She is oppressed by the fact that it is impossible to put a small child in reliable day-care if you make only a minimum wage, and she is oppressed by the terrible child-care options that are available at an inexpensive rate. She is oppressed by the fact that she has nothing to fall back on. If she is out of work, and her child needs a visit to the doctor and antibiotics, she may not be able to afford those things and will have to treat her sick child with unprescribed medications, which themselves are far from cheap.

According to the passage, a nonprofessional mother’s working conditions —-.

63. – 67. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi bulunuz.

John :
– What do you know about Bertolt Brecht?
Friend :
– As I remember, he was a modern German dramatist.
John :
– —-
Friend :
– As far as I know, he also encouraged audiences to develop an active and critical attitude to a play’s subject.

Mary:
– Did you say your daughter was doing the interior design for a hospital?
Brenda:
– Yes, that’s right. They now give a great deal of importance to the colour schemes and the general use of space in a hospital.
Mary:
– —-
Brenda:
– I don’t think it is. The morale of the patients has an important role to play in their recovery.

Mary:
– We ought to go and see this exhibition of rugs from a village in southern Turkey.
Helen:
– Yes; the reviews about them are astonishingly positive.
Mary:
– —-
Helen:
– In a way, that’s true. Certainly all the rugs have been made in the same village.

Barry:
– Have you heard about the fish, black bass, that are killing off Japan’s native fish?
Reg:
– No; tell me more.
Barry:
– —-
Reg:
– I can believe it. There are many similar stories.

Madge:
– I see ski-resort operators are growing active in combating global warming.
Derek:
– And so they should be; shorter winters and less snow will hit them hard.
Madge:
– —-
Derek:
– I suppose they didn’t want to give the impression that the sport is endangered.

68. – 71. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en yakın cümleyi bulunuz.

Hardly any critic had really taken Vincent van Gogh seriously before his early death.

China will be able to export textile goods to Turkey without any customs barriers.

A ban on tobacco consumption should definitely have been imposed long ago.

Economists are undecided as to whether current inflation figures can be sustained.

72. – 75. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz.

The liver receives blood from both the intestine and the heart. Tiny capillaries in the intestinal wall drain into the portal vein, which enters the liver. —-. The hepatic artery brings blood to the liver from the heart. This blood carries oxygen for the liver tissue itself as well as cholesterol and other substances for processing.

Over the past decade almost everyone tuned into American popular culture has heard the term emotional intelligence. —-. It has been the subject of several books, including a best-seller, and of seminars for schools and organizations.

There are seven euro banknote denominations, which can be recognized easily by their look and feel. —-. On the other, they feature bridges, signifying co-operation between the nations of Europe and the rest of the world.

The honeybees that pollinate agricultural crops in the US were bred from stock originally brought over from Europe in the 1600s. —-. Whether caused by a new insecticide, disease, or a mix of stressors, the losses have resulted in a great deal of research and a query: Could native bees take their place? Of the thousands of US species, some efficiently tend crops like apples and alfalfa. A few, like the orchard mason bee, are already in commercial use. Advocates are fighting to preserve wild and weedy lands that support these natives.

76. – 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulunuz.

(I) Stress can affect our health by leading us to engage in types of behaviours that undermine the body’s ability to fight off disease. (II) When we are feeling stressed, we often do not take proper care of ourselves. (III) Thus, stressful situations may affect immune system functioning. (IV) Students, for instance, who are taking exams, may stay up all night for several nights in a row. (V) Furthermore, they may skip meals and snack on junk food.

(I) Writing, at its best, is a lonely life. (II) Organizations for writers may ease the writer’s loneliness, but rarely help him to improve his writing. (III) Once a writer sheds his loneliness, he may grow in public stature, but his work often deteriorates. (IV) The writer should always try for something that has never been done or that others have tried to do and failed. (V) This is because he needs to do his work alone, and if he is a good writer, he must face eternity, or the lack of it, each day.

(I) More people than ever before live in areas vulnerable to natural disasters. (II) For average citizens, this research translates to better preparedness when faced with the unexpected. (III) Over a billion people live under the shadow of the world’s 1,900 active volcanoes, yet only a few of these volcanoes are adequately monitored. (IV) Accurate weather forecasting is the best defense against hurricanes, but landfall predictions remain inaccurate by an average of 70 miles, and many hurricane warnings go unheeded. (V) Tsunamis can form too quickly for an official warning, but recognizing the immediate signs, such as a rapidly receding ocean, can give people precious minutes to reach safety.

(I) Moving slowly helps the pygmy three-toed sloth escape the notice of predators. (II) The sloth can move quickly when threatened, but generally expends no more energy than is necessary to hang around all day eating leaves. (III) Confined to one remote island that separated from Panama long ago, this smaller cousin of mainland sloths has managed to survive quietly so far, but any disruption to its habitat could have huge consequences. (IV) Algae that sometimes coats its fur adds another level of camouflage. (V) Nearby development could well be the end of it.

(I) The magnificent Philippine eagle is one of the planet’s most endangered birds of prey. (II) There is no competition for prey from tigers, leopards, bears, or wolves in the Philippine islands, the eagle’s only home, so it became the top predator in the rain forest. (III) However, with deforestation rates in the Philippines among the highest in the world, the eagle has been reduced to a population estimated at several hundred breeding pairs. (IV) The forest that allowed them to prosper is almost gone, and if the forest disappears, the eagle will become extinct. (V) A series of devastating floods and mud slides in the past decade has convinced Filipinos that the loss of forest affects not just wildlife, but people too.