e-YDS: İngilizce Deneme Sınavı – 1

1. – 6. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere uygun düşen sözcük veya ifadeyi bulunuz.

Einstein’s theory of relativity gives predictions that differ very little from the older theories of Galileo and Newton in —– all everyday situations.

The continents —- their existence to Earth’s long history of plate-tectonic activity.

Throughout history, many —- in engineering and science have come about as the result of the development of weapons.

In narrative poems, characters often —- certain ideas or heroic qualities which the poet wishes to celebrate.

The body resists starvation by —- its own tissues and using them as a source of calories – much like burning the furniture to keep the house warm.

Many people with a regular exercise programme accept minor injuries and soreness as an almost —- component of their programme.

7. – 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere uygun düşen sözcük veya ifadeyi bulunuz.

—- social media has become widely integrated into everyday life, there is a growing interest in understanding its impact and the norms of online conduct.

—– surgeons in France had performed the first partial face transplant late in November, psychologists began to question whether the patient was mentally stable enough to handle the stressful, high-risk procedure.

The number of frauds in the US —- the criminal uses someone else’s credit card number doubled to 162,000 cases in 2022.

—- you are a long-time fan —- casual follower of the series of Street Fighter, you are already well-aware that it is constantly updated with new characters, costumes, and story content.

While many people welcome the chance —- exotic foods or novel flavours, others do not even consider —- foods beyond their usual repertoire.

Having the support of a friend can change our perception of —– difficult an obstacle is to overcome.

In biofeedback, biological responses are measured —- electronic instruments, and the status of those responses is immediately available —- the person being tested.

Ancient Pompeii, destroyed in A.D. 79 —- an eruption of Vesuvius, lay buried —- rock and ash until the 18th century.

Investigators —– various methods over the years to search for genes that —– to intelligence, which is a so-called quantitative trait.

Epidemiology, which as a science —– until the 19th century, is a branch of medicine that investigates factors —– to improved health, or the occurrence of a disease in a particular population.

17. – 21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük veya ifadeyi bulunuz.

Elvis Presley is the single most significant figure in rock and roll history, and it is hard to imagine rock and roll without his contributions. (17) —- revolutionising the way popular music sounded and looked, he forever changed the way young people relate to music. Emerging from the racially segregated American South in the mid-1950s, he promoted racial harmony by making African-American music accessible to millions of white teens who (18) —- to it otherwise. Furthermore, in popularising rock and roll (19) —- a worldwide audience, Elvis almost single-handedly altered the parameters of the entertainment industry. By many estimates, he remains history’s biggest-selling recording artist. Elvis certainly was not the first white person to perform music rooted in black culture; (20) —-, he was the first to fuse elements of rhythm and blues, country, and gospel into a charismatic package. Charismatic and overconfident yet humble and polite, generous and charitable yet selfish and tyrannical, Elvis (21) —- the contradictions of his time and his genre, and this distinctive combination of different musical styles still enchants too many people around the world.

Elvis Presley is the single most significant figure in rock and roll history, and it is hard to imagine rock and roll without his contributions. (17) —- revolutionising the way popular music sounded and looked, he forever changed the way young people relate to music. Emerging from the racially segregated American South in the mid-1950s, he promoted racial harmony by making African-American music accessible to millions of white teens who (18) —- to it otherwise. Furthermore, in popularising rock and roll (19) —- a worldwide audience, Elvis almost single-handedly altered the parameters of the entertainment industry. By many estimates, he remains history’s biggest-selling recording artist. Elvis certainly was not the first white person to perform music rooted in black culture; (20) —-, he was the first to fuse elements of rhythm and blues, country, and gospel into a charismatic package. Charismatic and overconfident yet humble and polite, generous and charitable yet selfish and tyrannical, Elvis (21) —- the contradictions of his time and his genre, and this distinctive combination of different musical styles still enchants too many people around the world.

Elvis Presley is the single most significant figure in rock and roll history, and it is hard to imagine rock and roll without his contributions. (17) —- revolutionising the way popular music sounded and looked, he forever changed the way young people relate to music. Emerging from the racially segregated American South in the mid-1950s, he promoted racial harmony by making African-American music accessible to millions of white teens who (18) —- to it otherwise. Furthermore, in popularising rock and roll (19) —- a worldwide audience, Elvis almost single-handedly altered the parameters of the entertainment industry. By many estimates, he remains history’s biggest-selling recording artist. Elvis certainly was not the first white person to perform music rooted in black culture; (20) —-, he was the first to fuse elements of rhythm and blues, country, and gospel into a charismatic package. Charismatic and overconfident yet humble and polite, generous and charitable yet selfish and tyrannical, Elvis (21) —- the contradictions of his time and his genre, and this distinctive combination of different musical styles still enchants too many people around the world.

Elvis Presley is the single most significant figure in rock and roll history, and it is hard to imagine rock and roll without his contributions. (17) —- revolutionising the way popular music sounded and looked, he forever changed the way young people relate to music. Emerging from the racially segregated American South in the mid-1950s, he promoted racial harmony by making African-American music accessible to millions of white teens who (18) —- to it otherwise. Furthermore, in popularising rock and roll (19) —- a worldwide audience, Elvis almost single-handedly altered the parameters of the entertainment industry. By many estimates, he remains history’s biggest-selling recording artist. Elvis certainly was not the first white person to perform music rooted in black culture; (20) —-, he was the first to fuse elements of rhythm and blues, country, and gospel into a charismatic package. Charismatic and overconfident yet humble and polite, generous and charitable yet selfish and tyrannical, Elvis (21) —- the contradictions of his time and his genre, and this distinctive combination of different musical styles still enchants too many people around the world.

Elvis Presley is the single most significant figure in rock and roll history, and it is hard to imagine rock and roll without his contributions. (17) —- revolutionising the way popular music sounded and looked, he forever changed the way young people relate to music. Emerging from the racially segregated American South in the mid-1950s, he promoted racial harmony by making African-American music accessible to millions of white teens who (18) —- to it otherwise. Furthermore, in popularising rock and roll (19) —- a worldwide audience, Elvis almost single-handedly altered the parameters of the entertainment industry. By many estimates, he remains history’s biggest-selling recording artist. Elvis certainly was not the first white person to perform music rooted in black culture; (20) —-, he was the first to fuse elements of rhythm and blues, country, and gospel into a charismatic package. Charismatic and overconfident yet humble and polite, generous and charitable yet selfish and tyrannical, Elvis (21) —- the contradictions of his time and his genre, and this distinctive combination of different musical styles still enchants too many people around the world.

22. – 26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük veya ifadeyi bulunuz.

The health risks of artificial feeding of infants in the industrialized world are now (22) —–. Breastfed infants receive protection (23) —– many illnesses including gastroenteritis, respiratory infections, and otitis media, and have a lower risk of atopic disease and insulin-dependent diabetes in childhood, (24) —– women who breastfeed may have less risk of some cancers and hip fractures in later life. In addition to the health benefits, there are also significant cost implications. The United States Department of Agriculture has estimated that a minimum of $3.6 billion per year (25) —– if breastfeeding rates were increased from current levels to (26) —– recommended by the United States Surgeon General.

The health risks of artificial feeding of infants in the industrialized world are now (22) —–. Breastfed infants receive protection (23) —– many illnesses including gastroenteritis, respiratory infections, and otitis media, and have a lower risk of atopic disease and insulin-dependent diabetes in childhood, (24) —– women who breastfeed may have less risk of some cancers and hip fractures in later life. In addition to the health benefits, there are also significant cost implications. The United States Department of Agriculture has estimated that a minimum of $3.6 billion per year (25) —– if breastfeeding rates were increased from current levels to (26) —– recommended by the United States Surgeon General.

The health risks of artificial feeding of infants in the industrialized world are now (22) ——. Breastfed infants receive protection (23) —– many illnesses including gastroenteritis, respiratory infections, and otitis media, and have a lower risk of atopic disease and insulin-dependent diabetes in childhood, (24) —– women who breastfeed may have less risk of some cancers and hip fractures in later life. In addition to the health benefits, there are also significant cost implications. The United States Department of Agriculture has estimated that a minimum of $3.6 billion per year (25) —– if breastfeeding rates were increased from current levels to (26) —– recommended by the United States Surgeon General.

The health risks of artificial feeding of infants in the industrialized world are now (22) —–. Breastfed infants receive protection (23) —– many illnesses including gastroenteritis, respiratory infections, and otitis media, and have a lower risk of atopic disease and insulin-dependent diabetes in childhood, (24) —– women who breastfeed may have less risk of some cancers and hip fractures in later life. In addition to the health benefits, there are also significant cost implications. The United States Department of Agriculture has estimated that a minimum of $3.6 billion per year (25) —– if breastfeeding rates were increased from current levels to (26) —– recommended by the United States Surgeon General.

The health risks of artificial feeding of infants in the industrialized world are now (22) —–. Breastfed infants receive protection (23) —– many illnesses including gastroenteritis, respiratory infections, and otitis media, and have a lower risk of atopic disease and insulin-dependent diabetes in childhood, (24) —– women who breastfeed may have less risk of some cancers and hip fractures in later life. In addition to the health benefits, there are also significant cost implications. The United States Department of Agriculture has estimated that a minimum of $3.6 billion per year (25) —– if breastfeeding rates were increased from current levels to (26) —— recommended by the United States Surgeon General.

27. – 36. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.

Even though many people still remain unconvinced that global warming is a real phenomenon, —-.

Practically all the problems associated with the musculo-skeletal and body-fluid systems could be alleviated or avoided in space ships —-.

If user demand were the only driving force behind innovation, —–.

Space solar power is still an idea far ahead of its time —–.

Since older people perform certain tasks better than the young do, —-.

As long as the inflation rate differs from what is expected, —-.

Because of the health hazards that lead poses for humans and other animals, —-.

When the first transistor amplifiers came along, —-.

Fullerenes are carbon molecules —-.

Even after a drug has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), —-.

37. – 42. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz.

In 1991, two German mountaineers discovered the mummy and personal artefacts of a man now called as Ötzi the Iceman in the Ötztal Alps, which were well-preserved in the ice for 5,300 years.

In North America, the electrical grid has evolved in piecemeal fashion over the past 100 years.

The severity of a burn depends on the amount of tissue affected and the depth of the injury, which is described as first, second, or third degree.

Yunan alfabesinden kendi alfabelerini geliştiren Akdeniz ulusları arasında, M.Ö. 9. yüzyılda İtalya’ya yerleşmiş olan Etrüskler de bulunuyordu.

Bilim insanları buz kristalleri içinde saklı doğalgazı çıkarıp sıfır emisyonlu yakıta dönüştürmenin yollarını arıyorlar ve bunu başarırlarsa yanan buz geleceğin yakıtı olabilir.

İnsan vücudu, her biri, yaşamı sürdürmek için gerekli olan bir işlevi yerine getiren ayrı ayrı organ ve dokulardan oluşmuş son derece karmaşık bir sistemdir.

43. – 46. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

Azerbaijan’s transformation is particularly impressive considering that twenty-seven years ago it was involved in a deep political and economic crisis. Amid post-Soviet uncertainty, the economy was in free fall, with a severe contraction in output and growing inflation. The revival of the country’s economy followed the introduction of a new oil strategy which encompassed a series of production sharing agreements, and the opening of Azerbaijan’s historic oil sector to international investment. A 1994 agreement, hailed as the ‘contract of the century’, gave investors access to Azerbaijan’s rich oil fields in the Caspian Sea. The resulting inflow of capital and expertise permanently altered the country’s fortunes. Large-scale production and the construction of multiple pipelines contributed to making Azerbaijan one of the world’s largest oil and gas exporters. Azerbaijan’s biggest challenge today is diversifying away from hydrocarbons (chemicals found in petrol and natural gas), which represent more than 90 percent of the country’s total exports, a 60 percent increase from fifteen years ago. The country expects to capitalise on hydrocarbons for at least another forty years, but oil production is believed to have peaked and Azerbaijan must do more for its non-oil economy. For the government this is a clear priority.

It is clearly stated in the passage that more than a quarter of a century ago Azerbaijan —-.

Azerbaijan’s transformation is particularly impressive considering that twenty-seven years ago it was involved in a deep political and economic crisis. Amid post-Soviet uncertainty, the economy was in free fall, with a severe contraction in output and growing inflation. The revival of the country’s economy followed the introduction of a new oil strategy which encompassed a series of production sharing agreements, and the opening of Azerbaijan’s historic oil sector to international investment. A 1994 agreement, hailed as the ‘contract of the century’, gave investors access to Azerbaijan’s rich oil fields in the Caspian Sea. The resulting inflow of capital and expertise permanently altered the country’s fortunes. Large-scale production and the construction of multiple pipelines contributed to making Azerbaijan one of the world’s largest oil and gas exporters. Azerbaijan’s biggest challenge today is diversifying away from hydrocarbons (chemicals found in petrol and natural gas), which represent more than 90 percent of the country’s total exports, a 60 percent increase from fifteen years ago. The country expects to capitalise on hydrocarbons for at least another forty years, but oil production is believed to have peaked and Azerbaijan must do more for its non-oil economy. For the government this is a clear priority.

It can be understood from the passage that —-.

Azerbaijan’s transformation is particularly impressive considering that twenty-seven years ago it was involved in a deep political and economic crisis. Amid post-Soviet uncertainty, the economy was in free fall, with a severe contraction in output and growing inflation. The revival of the country’s economy followed the introduction of a new oil strategy which encompassed a series of production sharing agreements, and the opening of Azerbaijan’s historic oil sector to international investment. A 1994 agreement, hailed as the ‘contract of the century’, gave investors access to Azerbaijan’s rich oil fields in the Caspian Sea. The resulting inflow of capital and expertise permanently altered the country’s fortunes. Large-scale production and the construction of multiple pipelines contributed to making Azerbaijan one of the world’s largest oil and gas exporters. Azerbaijan’s biggest challenge today is diversifying away from hydrocarbons (chemicals found in petrol and natural gas), which represent more than 90 percent of the country’s total exports, a 60 percent increase from fifteen years ago. The country expects to capitalise on hydrocarbons for at least another forty years, but oil production is believed to have peaked and Azerbaijan must do more for its non-oil economy. For the government this is a clear priority.

The underlined word in the passage ‘hailed’ is closest in meaning to —-.

Azerbaijan’s transformation is particularly impressive considering that twenty-seven years ago it was involved in a deep political and economic crisis. Amid post-Soviet uncertainty, the economy was in free fall, with a severe contraction in output and growing inflation. The revival of the country’s economy followed the introduction of a new oil strategy which encompassed a series of production sharing agreements, and the opening of Azerbaijan’s historic oil sector to international investment. A 1994 agreement, hailed as the ‘contract of the century’, gave investors access to Azerbaijan’s rich oil fields in the Caspian Sea. The resulting inflow of capital and expertise permanently altered the country’s fortunes. Large-scale production and the construction of multiple pipelines contributed to making Azerbaijan one of the world’s largest oil and gas exporters. Azerbaijan’s biggest challenge today is diversifying away from hydrocarbons (chemicals found in petrol and natural gas), which represent more than 90 percent of the country’s total exports, a 60 percent increase from fifteen years ago. The country expects to capitalise on hydrocarbons for at least another forty years, but oil production is believed to have peaked and Azerbaijan must do more for its non-oil economy. For the government this is a clear priority.

According to the passage, for further economic development Azerbaijan needs to —-.

47. – 50. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

There were many heated debates in the nineteenth century about the relationship between chemical reactions and living organisms. Some scientists felt that fermentation was an activity of living things and, therefore, could not take place outside of living cells. This was proved by the work Louis Pasteur undertook for the French wine industry. Indeed, in the 1850s, the French wine industry was having serious trouble with wine that had spoiled. The French emperor, Napoleon III, called in Pasteur to help. Pasteur knew that the fermentation which produced wine was caused by living yeast cells. But now he found that certain bacteria could also carry out fermentation. He discovered that fermentation by bacteria spoils wine because it produces vinegar (acetic acid) instead of the alcohol produced by yeast. Pasteur suggested that the winemakers heat the wine for a short time to destroy the bacteria. They were horrified, but it worked. The process, pasteurization, is still used today, especially for milk.

It is clear from the passage that the fundamental principle of pasteurization, especially as practised in the milk industry today, —-.

There were many heated debates in the nineteenth century about the relationship between chemical reactions and living organisms. Some scientists felt that fermentation was an activity of living things and, therefore, could not take place outside of living cells. This was proved by the work Louis Pasteur undertook for the French wine industry. Indeed, in the 1850s, the French wine industry was having serious trouble with wine that had spoiled. The French emperor, Napoleon III, called in Pasteur to help. Pasteur knew that the fermentation which produced wine was caused by living yeast cells. But now he found that certain bacteria could also carry out fermentation. He discovered that fermentation by bacteria spoils wine because it produces vinegar (acetic acid) instead of the alcohol produced by yeast. Pasteur suggested that the winemakers heat the wine for a short time to destroy the bacteria. They were horrified, but it worked. The process, pasteurization, is still used today, especially for milk.

One understands from the passage that, in the nineteenth century, —-.

There were many heated debates in the nineteenth century about the relationship between chemical reactions and living organisms. Some scientists felt that fermentation was an activity of living things and, therefore, could not take place outside of living cells. This was proved by the work Louis Pasteur undertook for the French wine industry. Indeed, in the 1850s, the French wine industry was having serious trouble with wine that had spoiled. The French emperor, Napoleon III, called in Pasteur to help. Pasteur knew that the fermentation which produced wine was caused by living yeast cells. But now he found that certain bacteria could also carry out fermentation. He discovered that fermentation by bacteria spoils wine because it produces vinegar (acetic acid) instead of the alcohol produced by yeast. Pasteur suggested that the winemakers heat the wine for a short time to destroy the bacteria. They were horrified, but it worked. The process, pasteurization, is still used today, especially for milk.

According to the passage, Pasteur discovered that —-.

There were many heated debates in the nineteenth century about the relationship between chemical reactions and living organisms. Some scientists felt that fermentation was an activity of living things and, therefore, could not take place outside of living cells. This was proved by the work Louis Pasteur undertook for the French wine industry. Indeed, in the 1850s, the French wine industry was having serious trouble with wine that had spoiled. The French emperor, Napoleon III, called in Pasteur to help. Pasteur knew that the fermentation which produced wine was caused by living yeast cells. But now he found that certain bacteria could also carry out fermentation. He discovered that fermentation by bacteria spoils wine because it produces vinegar (acetic acid) instead of the alcohol produced by yeast. Pasteur suggested that the winemakers heat the wine for a short time to destroy the bacteria. They were horrified, but it worked. The process, pasteurization, is still used today, especially for milk.

As pointed out in the passage, the idea that —-.

51. – 54. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

The huge ice sheet covering Greenland, which is the world’s largest island, provides a habitat for many arctic species and holds nearly 8 per cent of the world’s freshwater. It is, on average, 5,000 feet thick and is constantly being replaced as snow falls each winter. Over the course of centuries, the snow compacts into ice, which slides towards the ocean. In recent years, higher atmospheric concentrations of heat-trapping gases have accelerated that process. As temperatures rise, the top layers melt, giving way to darker, heat-absorbing ice and liquid water. The meltwater seeps down to the rock below, lubricating the ice mass and speeding its slide into the sea.

As one can see, the passage —-.

The huge ice sheet covering Greenland, which is the world’s largest island, provides a habitat for many arctic species and holds nearly 8 per cent of the world’s freshwater. It is, on average, 5,000 feet thick and is constantly being replaced as snow falls each winter. Over the course of centuries, the snow compacts into ice, which slides towards the ocean. In recent years, higher atmospheric concentrations of heat-trapping gases have accelerated that process. As temperatures rise, the top layers melt, giving way to darker, heat-absorbing ice and liquid water. The meltwater seeps down to the rock below, lubricating the ice mass and speeding its slide into the sea.

It is pointed out in the passage that the slide into the ocean of the ice mass in Greenland —-.

The huge ice sheet covering Greenland, which is the world’s largest island, provides a habitat for many arctic species and holds nearly 8 per cent of the world’s freshwater. It is, on average, 5,000 feet thick and is constantly being replaced as snow falls each winter. Over the course of centuries, the snow compacts into ice, which slides towards the ocean. In recent years, higher atmospheric concentrations of heat-trapping gases have accelerated that process. As temperatures rise, the top layers melt, giving way to darker, heat-absorbing ice and liquid water. The meltwater seeps down to the rock below, lubricating the ice mass and speeding its slide into the sea.

According to the passage, when the top layers of the ice sheet melt, —-.

The huge ice sheet covering Greenland, which is the world’s largest island, provides a habitat for many arctic species and holds nearly 8 per cent of the world’s freshwater. It is, on average, 5,000 feet thick and is constantly being replaced as snow falls each winter. Over the course of centuries, the snow compacts into ice, which slides towards the ocean. In recent years, higher atmospheric concentrations of heat-trapping gases have accelerated that process. As temperatures rise, the top layers melt, giving way to darker, heat-absorbing ice and liquid water. The meltwater seeps down to the rock below, lubricating the ice mass and speeding its slide into the sea.

As pointed out in the passage, Greenland, with its 5,000-foot-thick ice sheet, —-.

55. – 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

Autism, from the Greek word for self,” was first identified as a disorder in 1943. Initially, it was thought to be a psychological disorder brought on by cold or unemotional mothers, and curable by intensive sessions of psychotherapy. During the 1960s, specialists realized that autistics frequently had epilepsy and abnormal brain scans, which led to the condition being recognized as a brain disorder by the 1970s. Autism is now known to be a hereditary neurological condition, about three times more common in boys than girls. Usually, autistics lack the ability to relate normally to other people and have an anxious desire to maintain a routine, which evolves with age into intense interests or obsessions. Many autistic people deliver monologues on topics while unaware of other people’s comments or possible discomfort. There are several related, but different, forms of autism. Depending on the severity, symptoms can sometimes be alleviated with carefully controlled antidepressants, although sufferers typically find it difficult to function normally in society.

As it is clear from the explanation given in the passage, —-.

Autism, from the Greek word for self,” was first identified as a disorder in 1943. Initially, it was thought to be a psychological disorder brought on by cold or unemotional mothers, and curable by intensive sessions of psychotherapy. During the 1960s, specialists realized that autistics frequently had epilepsy and abnormal brain scans, which led to the condition being recognized as a brain disorder by the 1970s. Autism is now known to be a hereditary neurological condition, about three times more common in boys than girls. Usually, autistics lack the ability to relate normally to other people and have an anxious desire to maintain a routine, which evolves with age into intense interests or obsessions. Many autistic people deliver monologues on topics while unaware of other people’s comments or possible discomfort. There are several related, but different, forms of autism. Depending on the severity, symptoms can sometimes be alleviated with carefully controlled antidepressants, although sufferers typically find it difficult to function normally in society.

It is pointed out in the passage that it has taken the medical world several decades to —-.

Autism, from the Greek word for self,” was first identified as a disorder in 1943. Initially, it was thought to be a psychological disorder brought on by cold or unemotional mothers, and curable by intensive sessions of psychotherapy. During the 1960s, specialists realized that autistics frequently had epilepsy and abnormal brain scans, which led to the condition being recognized as a brain disorder by the 1970s. Autism is now known to be a hereditary neurological condition, about three times more common in boys than girls. Usually, autistics lack the ability to relate normally to other people and have an anxious desire to maintain a routine, which evolves with age into intense interests or obsessions. Many autistic people deliver monologues on topics while unaware of other people’s comments or possible discomfort. There are several related, but different, forms of autism. Depending on the severity, symptoms can sometimes be alleviated with carefully controlled antidepressants, although sufferers typically find it difficult to function normally in society.

The point is made in the passage that what an autistic person normally does —-.

Autism, from the Greek word for self,” was first identified as a disorder in 1943. Initially, it was thought to be a psychological disorder brought on by cold or unemotional mothers, and curable by intensive sessions of psychotherapy. During the 1960s, specialists realized that autistics frequently had epilepsy and abnormal brain scans, which led to the condition being recognized as a brain disorder by the 1970s. Autism is now known to be a hereditary neurological condition, about three times more common in boys than girls. Usually, autistics lack the ability to relate normally to other people and have an anxious desire to maintain a routine, which evolves with age into intense interests or obsessions. Many autistic people deliver monologues on topics while unaware of other people’s comments or possible discomfort. There are several related, but different, forms of autism. Depending on the severity, symptoms can sometimes be alleviated with carefully controlled antidepressants, although sufferers typically find it difficult to function normally in society.

It is stated in the passage that autism —-.

59. – 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

Oral cancers develop in 30,000 Americans and cause 8,000 deaths each year, mostly in people over age 40. This represents about 2.5 per cent of cancer cases and 1.5 per cent of all cancer-related deaths. Clearly this is a high rate considering the small size of the mouth in relation to the rest of the body. Along with cancers of the lung and skin, cancers of the mouth are more preventable than most other cancers. Non-cancerous and cancerous growths can originate in any type of tissue in and around the mouth, including bone, muscle, and nerve. Rarely, cancers found in the mouth region have spread there from other parts of the body – most commonly the lung, breast and prostate. Screening for oral cancer should be an integral part of medical and dental examinations because early detection is critical. Cancers less than a half inch across can usually be cured easily. Unfortunately, most oral cancers aren’t diagnosed until they’ve spread to the lymph nodes of the jaw and neck. Because of delayed detection, 25 per cent of oral cancers are fatal.

It is made clear in the passage that oral cancers —-.

Oral cancers develop in 30,000 Americans and cause 8,000 deaths each year, mostly in people over age 40. This represents about 2.5 per cent of cancer cases and 1.5 per cent of all cancer-related deaths. Clearly this is a high rate considering the small size of the mouth in relation to the rest of the body. Along with cancers of the lung and skin, cancers of the mouth are more preventable than most other cancers. Non-cancerous and cancerous growths can originate in any type of tissue in and around the mouth, including bone, muscle, and nerve. Rarely, cancers found in the mouth region have spread there from other parts of the body – most commonly the lung, breast and prostate. Screening for oral cancer should be an integral part of medical and dental examinations because early detection is critical. Cancers less than a half inch across can usually be cured easily. Unfortunately, most oral cancers aren’t diagnosed until they’ve spread to the lymph nodes of the jaw and neck. Because of delayed detection, 25 per cent of oral cancers are fatal.

One understands from the passage that medical examinations —-.

Oral cancers develop in 30,000 Americans and cause 8,000 deaths each year, mostly in people over age 40. This represents about 2.5 per cent of cancer cases and 1.5 per cent of all cancer-related deaths. Clearly this is a high rate considering the small size of the mouth in relation to the rest of the body. Along with cancers of the lung and skin, cancers of the mouth are more preventable than most other cancers. Non-cancerous and cancerous growths can originate in any type of tissue in and around the mouth, including bone, muscle, and nerve. Rarely, cancers found in the mouth region have spread there from other parts of the body – most commonly the lung, breast and prostate. Screening for oral cancer should be an integral part of medical and dental examinations because early detection is critical. Cancers less than a half inch across can usually be cured easily. Unfortunately, most oral cancers aren’t diagnosed until they’ve spread to the lymph nodes of the jaw and neck. Because of delayed detection, 25 per cent of oral cancers are fatal.

It is emphasized in the passage that the delay in the diagnosis of most cancers in the mouth —-.

Oral cancers develop in 30,000 Americans and cause 8,000 deaths each year, mostly in people over age 40. This represents about 2.5 per cent of cancer cases and 1.5 per cent of all cancer-related deaths. Clearly this is a high rate considering the small size of the mouth in relation to the rest of the body. Along with cancers of the lung and skin, cancers of the mouth are more preventable than most other cancers. Non-cancerous and cancerous growths can originate in any type of tissue in and around the mouth, including bone, muscle, and nerve. Rarely, cancers found in the mouth region have spread there from other parts of the body – most commonly the lung, breast and prostate. Screening for oral cancer should be an integral part of medical and dental examinations because early detection is critical. Cancers less than a half inch across can usually be cured easily. Unfortunately, most oral cancers aren’t diagnosed until they’ve spread to the lymph nodes of the jaw and neck. Because of delayed detection, 25 per cent of oral cancers are fatal.

In this passage, the writer —-.

63. – 67. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi bulunuz.

Sebastian:
– Preparing tasty meals in the woods is a wonderful thought. But somehow it’s easy to go overboard with backpacking menus. You think you must pack this in order to eat that and you need all the other items to prepare it properly.
Graham:
– That’s silly. What the body needs is simple. It needs water more than anything else. In fact, you can survive without food for at least a week.
Sebastian:
– —-
Graham:
– Almost anything you eat out there is going to taste great because you will be very hungry and, after all, you’re outdoors!

Angela :
– How was your visit to Crater Lake National Park last summer?
Sharon :
– It was wonderful. The lake is very beautiful, with a clear, deep-blue colour. And I learned something new about it: it’s a closed basin lake.
Angela :
– —-
Sharon :
– Well, there are no permanent streams that enter or exit the lake.

Senior Doctor :
– I hear you’ve been doing research on alcoholism in Turkey.
Junior Doctor :
– Yes. I feel the findings are not all that alarming.
Senior Doctor :
– —-
Junior Doctor :
– In a way, yes. For instance, nearly 8 per cent of adults in the US have a serious problem with alcohol use.

Jerome :
– Did you see the documentary on TV about the US healthcare system?
Mark :
– —-
Jerome :
– That’s right, many families have gone bankrupt paying for treatment for a family member.
Mark :
– Yes, and that’s not all. Some patients have even been refused treatment by hospitals.

Oscar :
– This article tells how a poor woman in Bangladesh borrowed money from a bank and set up a small profitable business.
Ernie :
– —-
Oscar :
– I had never heard of it until I read this article. Very interesting.
Ernie :
– Imagine. When she has finished paying off the loan, she’ll make an even greater profit!

68. – 71. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en yakın cümleyi bulunuz.

The story of King Solomon meeting the Queen of Sheba inspired a rich literary tradition across Jewish, Christian and Islamic texts, although the geographic origins of the story still puzzle scholars to this day.

As people age, the ability of white blood cells to deal with infections and respond to vaccinations declines, opening the door for illness or inflammation that can lead to chronic disease over time.

With bodies rarely above 15 cm long, tarsiers are one of the world’s smallest meat-eating primates living off largely insects, reptiles and birds.

While the growth of cities may be associated with increasing prosperity, urban areas demonstrate the world’s most obvious health disparities in both low- and high-income countries.

72. – 75. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz.

Many ancient Greek writers told of a race of women warriors who were descended from Ares, the god of war, and the nymph Harmonia. They were said to live without men, wear masculine clothing, and spend their days hunting, farming, and above all fighting. —- Researchers have only found traces of a people, the Sauromatians, whose women hunted and fought alongside their men. Nevertheless, the myth of the Amazons was popular; classical writers repeated the tales, and artists portrayed the Amazon women prominently in their art.

As anyone who has sat through a lecture on a warm day knows, attentiveness and mental alertness can be hard to sustain. —- Its counterpart is sleep, a state in which we continue to receive stimuli but are not conscious of them.

Hydroelectric power plants use falling water to turn the turbines of generators. Therefore, no heat engine is needed. They are usually located at the base of a dam. They produce practically no air pollution or noticeable water pollution of any kind. —– However, they may not always be reliable because of shortage of rainfall, and there are not many good locations remaining in which to build dams.

Although difficulties with names are nothing new, the nature of name-giving changed with the introduction of computer technology. —- In the old days, a letter from overseas addressed to the U.S.” or the U.S.A.” or even the E.U.” would stand a chance of being delivered, but an e-mail for the corresponding geographic domain must have the exact designation US”; no variation is tolerated.

76. – 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulunuz.

(I) Commercial transactions are one of the most fundamental uses of the Internet and can seem like one of the simplest. (II) Services are bought and sold on a similar basis to physical transactions. (III) Effective automated recommendation systems have been a priority for online retailers to understand, predict and profit from their users’ behaviour. (IV) And with retail goods, much as in many shops or catalogues, items are selected, paid for and then delivery is arranged – either by post, in the case of physical goods, or via download. (V) Behind this, however, lies an administrative and logistical network of immense complexity, above all when it comes to processing financial transactions, ensuring data security and dealing with the proliferating forces of fraud and scamming.

(I) In science fiction, the worst threats to space travellers are large ones: asteroids, ravenous creatures, and imperial battle cruisers. (II) The journey time from Earth to Mars could be reduced from six months to less than six weeks. (III) In reality, though, the scariest menaces for humans in space are the tiniest: fast-moving elementary particles known as cosmic rays. (IV) On a long journey, these would give astronauts a dose of radiation serious enough to cause cancer. (V) Unlike most of the other challenges of venturing into deep space, which engineers should be able to solve, cosmic rays pose irreducible risks.

(I) Mycobacterium tuberculosis has plagued humans throughout history. (II) Improved public health brought the epidemic under control, and the advent of antibiotics in the 1940s seemed to ensure successful treatment. (III) But the bacteria have adapted to nearly every drug used against them. (IV) As a result, there has been a recent resurgence, and the disease now kills a person every 15 seconds, worldwide. (V) The germ in question is the tuberculosis-causing Mycobacterium tuberculosis, once the leading cause of death in the US.

(I) The crust of the planet Earth consists of many interlocking tectonic plates. (II) They float on the hot, molten interior of the planet. (III) The planet we live on is looking ever more inhospitable due to heavy flooding. (IV) These tectonic plates drift and often collide with one another resulting in often dangerous tectonic activities. (V) The pacific north-west coast is a place of constant tectonic activity because it is located where two plates meet.

(I) The World Cup football tournament has grown much more competitive due to globalization. (II) More and more players from teams with no history of success are getting the chance to play for more experienced teams in other countries. (III) Indeed, football is the most popular sport in South America. (IV) Further, the trend now in world football is for games in the competition to be decided by much closer scores. (V) This means more suspense for the spectators, a fact that makes watching the matches more enjoyable.