1. – 6. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere uygun düşen sözcük veya ifadeyi bulunuz.

Since many people are unaware of the miseries of poverty and hunger, it is —- easy for them to feel contented.

All organisms have some capacity to adapt to environmental changes, but the extent of this adaptive capacity —- greatly.

The cells of all living organisms have the —- to harvest energy from the breakdown of organic fuel molecules.

Cells convert energy from one form to another and use that energy to —- various activities, ranging from mechanical work to chemical synthesis.

Dublin is a fairly easy city to —- because of its frequent and efficient bus and underground services.

The transmission of black-and-white television images became technically —- in the UK at the end of the 1920s.

7. – 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere uygun düşen sözcük veya ifadeyi bulunuz.

What you say about the problem may be true in theory, —- in practice it does not contribute to the solution of the problem.

The most rewarding aspect of taking photographs is to be able to immortalize on your film people’s hearts, smiles, and soul —- you can always feel like you are a part of their world.

It is generally thought that animals love us —- who or what we are.

In the early twentieth century, the motor car was one of the first major consumer products to be —- mass produced —- mass marketed.

If humans —- at the speed of light, it —- them about eight minutes to reach the Sun.

One type of family is the single-parent family, in —- children live with an unmarried, divorced or widowed mother or father.

The great majority of osteoporotic hip fractures in the US occur in adults —- 50 and result from minimal —- moderate trauma, usually a fall from standing height or less.

We humans, like all warm-blooded animals, can keep our core body temperatures pretty constant regardless —- the physical conditions in the world —- us.

Investigations by modern doctors —- that Catherine the Great of Russia (1729-1796) —- from syphilis.

Contrary to the prevailing economic view, some experts —- that more free trade —- the global crisis.

17. – 21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük veya ifadeyi bulunuz.

Air pollution is one of the major challenges that most major cities face. The task of cleaning up air pollution, (17) —- difficult, is not believed to be insurmountable. Use of fuels that are low in pollutants, such as low-sulphur forms of petroleum; more complete burning of fossil fuels, often in (18) —- with a recycling of the pollutants; and the shift to less polluting forms of power generation, such as solar energy (19) —- place of fossil fuels – all are methods that can be used for controlling pollution. Over the past few decades, the example of London as well as of some other cities (20) —- that 10 years or less is enough to control this problem to a certain extent. In fact, this period is (21) —- enough to achieve major improvements in air quality.

Air pollution is one of the major challenges that most major cities face. The task of cleaning up air pollution, (17) —- difficult, is not believed to be insurmountable. Use of fuels that are low in pollutants, such as low-sulphur forms of petroleum; more complete burning of fossil fuels, often in (18) —- with a recycling of the pollutants; and the shift to less polluting forms of power generation, such as solar energy (19) —- place of fossil fuels – all are methods that can be used for controlling pollution. Over the past few decades, the example of London as well as of some other cities (20) —- that 10 years or less is enough to control this problem to a certain extent. In fact, this period is (21) —- enough to achieve major improvements in air quality.

Air pollution is one of the major challenges that most major cities face. The task of cleaning up air pollution, (17) —- difficult, is not believed to be insurmountable. Use of fuels that are low in pollutants, such as low-sulphur forms of petroleum; more complete burning of fossil fuels, often in (18) —- with a recycling of the pollutants; and the shift to less polluting forms of power generation, such as solar energy (19) —- place of fossil fuels – all are methods that can be used for controlling pollution. Over the past few decades, the example of London as well as of some other cities (20) —- that 10 years or less is enough to control this problem to a certain extent. In fact, this period is (21) —- enough to achieve major improvements in air quality.

Air pollution is one of the major challenges that most major cities face. The task of cleaning up air pollution, (17) —- difficult, is not believed to be insurmountable. Use of fuels that are low in pollutants, such as low-sulphur forms of petroleum; more complete burning of fossil fuels, often in (18) —- with a recycling of the pollutants; and the shift to less polluting forms of power generation, such as solar energy (19) —- place of fossil fuels – all are methods that can be used for controlling pollution. Over the past few decades, the example of London as well as of some other cities (20) —- that 10 years or less is enough to control this problem to a certain extent. In fact, this period is (21) —- enough to achieve major improvements in air quality.

Air pollution is one of the major challenges that most major cities face. The task of cleaning up air pollution, (17) —- difficult, is not believed to be insurmountable. Use of fuels that are low in pollutants, such as low-sulphur forms of petroleum; more complete burning of fossil fuels, often in (18) —- with a recycling of the pollutants; and the shift to less polluting forms of power generation, such as solar energy (19) —- place of fossil fuels – all are methods that can be used for controlling pollution. Over the past few decades, the example of London as well as of some other cities (20) —- that 10 years or less is enough to control this problem to a certain extent. In fact, this period is (21) —- enough to achieve major improvements in air quality.

22. – 26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük veya ifadeyi bulunuz.

Education is both a consumption and an investment good. The (22) —- of knowledge by reading a book can give pleasure and benefits to an individual equivalent to consuming an ice-cream or seeing a film at the cinema. But education can also help advance in a chosen career (23) —- success is achieved in specific examinations. If a financial gain is thereby achieved, then the time spent in the educational process (24) —- seen as an investment. By investing in yourself you hope that your enhanced skills add to your potential earning power in the labour market; your qualifications should help you to compete that much better against those (25) —- qualified for a particular job. As far as an employer is concerned, your educational qualification is a means (26) —- filtering where there is keen competition for a post.

Education is both a consumption and an investment good. The (22) —- of knowledge by reading a book can give pleasure and benefits to an individual equivalent to consuming an ice-cream or seeing a film at the cinema. But education can also help advance in a chosen career (23) —- success is achieved in specific examinations. If a financial gain is thereby achieved, then the time spent in the educational process (24) —- seen as an investment. By investing in yourself you hope that your enhanced skills add to your potential earning power in the labour market; your qualifications should help you to compete that much better against those (25) —- qualified for a particular job. As far as an employer is concerned, your educational qualification is a means (26) —- filtering where there is keen competition for a post.

Education is both a consumption and an investment good. The (22) —- of knowledge by reading a book can give pleasure and benefits to an individual equivalent to consuming an ice-cream or seeing a film at the cinema. But education can also help advance in a chosen career (23) —- success is achieved in specific examinations. If a financial gain is thereby achieved, then the time spent in the educational process (24) —- seen as an investment. By investing in yourself you hope that your enhanced skills add to your potential earning power in the labour market; your qualifications should help you to compete that much better against those (25) —- qualified for a particular job. As far as an employer is concerned, your educational qualification is a means (26) —- filtering where there is keen competition for a post.

Education is both a consumption and an investment good. The (22) —- of knowledge by reading a book can give pleasure and benefits to an individual equivalent to consuming an ice-cream or seeing a film at the cinema. But education can also help advance in a chosen career (23) —- success is achieved in specific examinations. If a financial gain is thereby achieved, then the time spent in the educational process (24) —- seen as an investment. By investing in yourself you hope that your enhanced skills add to your potential earning power in the labour market; your qualifications should help you to compete that much better against those (25) —- qualified for a particular job. As far as an employer is concerned, your educational qualification is a means (26) —- filtering where there is keen competition for a post.

Education is both a consumption and an investment good. The (22) —- of knowledge by reading a book can give pleasure and benefits to an individual equivalent to consuming an ice-cream or seeing a film at the cinema. But education can also help advance in a chosen career (23) —- success is achieved in specific examinations. If a financial gain is thereby achieved, then the time spent in the educational process (24) —- seen as an investment. By investing in yourself you hope that your enhanced skills add to your potential earning power in the labour market; your qualifications should help you to compete that much better against those (25) —- qualified for a particular job. As far as an employer is concerned, your educational qualification is a means (26) —- filtering where there is keen competition for a post.

27. – 36. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.

In recent years, some neuroimaging experiments have shown that the brain maintains a high level of activity —-.

For centuries, mapmakers noted that the Earth’s continents seemed to fit together like giant puzzle pieces, —-.

New bioplastics are a lot less hazardous to our planet and our natural resources, —-.

Swedish researchers have found that most white horses, which are actually born coloured, carry a mutation called ‘greying with age,’ —-.

Common bacterial infections have evolved to become a nightmare for hospitals worldwide —-.

If astronauts have nothing meaningful to do, —-.

—-, yet there are also rare penguin species that inhabit warmer regions of the Earth.

—- that consists of physically distinct parts, each with different properties.

—-, Earth’s overall temperature increases.

When people are faced with terribly long ‘to do’ lists, —-.

37. – 42. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz.

The trait that makes human language different from animal language is the complexity of sentence structures that we employ.

China’s one-child policy, enforced by the authorities through heavy fines, came into force in 1979 after a period of explosive population growth in the country.

Owing to infertility treatments, the percentage of twin births in the US has nearly doubled in the past 20 years.

On üç bin yıl kadar önce, buzullar yavaş yavaş çekilirken, Akdeniz’in doğu ucunda, bataklıklar, otlaklar ve evcil hayvanlardan oluşan yeni bir ekolojik alan ortaya çıkmıştır.

X-ışını görüntüleme yöntemleri, kırıkların tanılanmasını bir yüzyıldan fazla zamandır daha kolay kılmıştır; ancak, X-ışınları her zaman daha ince ayrıntıların saptanmasında yardımcı olamaz.

Kalp hastalıklarına ve çeşitli hastalıklara yol açan kronik yangıyı anlamak, kanserin bilinmeyen nedenlerini tanımlamak için önemli olabilir.

43. – 46. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

The pirate look is a time-honoured way to fix children’s ‘lazy eye’. The patch over the good eye forces the weak one to work, thereby preventing its deterioration. Playing video games helps, too. The neural cells corresponding to both eyes then learn to fire in synchrony so that the brain wires itself for the stereo vision required for depth perception. Left untreated past a critical age, lazy eye, or amblyopia, can result in permanently impaired vision. New studies are now showing that this condition, which affects up to 5 per cent of the population, could be repaired even past the critical age. What is more, amblyopia may provide insights into brain plasticity that could help treat a variety of other disorders related to faulty wiring, including schizophrenia, epilepsy, autism, anxiety, and addiction. These ailments are not neurodegenerative diseases that destroy part of the neural circuitry. So, if the defective circuits could be stimulated in the right way, the brain could develop normally.

According to the passage, the pirate look —-.

The pirate look is a time-honoured way to fix children’s ‘lazy eye’. The patch over the good eye forces the weak one to work, thereby preventing its deterioration. Playing video games helps, too. The neural cells corresponding to both eyes then learn to fire in synchrony so that the brain wires itself for the stereo vision required for depth perception. Left untreated past a critical age, lazy eye, or amblyopia, can result in permanently impaired vision. New studies are now showing that this condition, which affects up to 5 per cent of the population, could be repaired even past the critical age. What is more, amblyopia may provide insights into brain plasticity that could help treat a variety of other disorders related to faulty wiring, including schizophrenia, epilepsy, autism, anxiety, and addiction. These ailments are not neurodegenerative diseases that destroy part of the neural circuitry. So, if the defective circuits could be stimulated in the right way, the brain could develop normally.

According to the passage, the writer —-.

The pirate look is a time-honoured way to fix children’s ‘lazy eye’. The patch over the good eye forces the weak one to work, thereby preventing its deterioration. Playing video games helps, too. The neural cells corresponding to both eyes then learn to fire in synchrony so that the brain wires itself for the stereo vision required for depth perception. Left untreated past a critical age, lazy eye, or amblyopia, can result in permanently impaired vision. New studies are now showing that this condition, which affects up to 5 per cent of the population, could be repaired even past the critical age. What is more, amblyopia may provide insights into brain plasticity that could help treat a variety of other disorders related to faulty wiring, including schizophrenia, epilepsy, autism, anxiety, and addiction. These ailments are not neurodegenerative diseases that destroy part of the neural circuitry. So, if the defective circuits could be stimulated in the right way, the brain could develop normally.

According to the passage, the lazy eye —-.

The pirate look is a time-honoured way to fix children’s ‘lazy eye’. The patch over the good eye forces the weak one to work, thereby preventing its deterioration. Playing video games helps, too. The neural cells corresponding to both eyes then learn to fire in synchrony so that the brain wires itself for the stereo vision required for depth perception. Left untreated past a critical age, lazy eye, or amblyopia, can result in permanently impaired vision. New studies are now showing that this condition, which affects up to 5 per cent of the population, could be repaired even past the critical age. What is more, amblyopia may provide insights into brain plasticity that could help treat a variety of other disorders related to faulty wiring, including schizophrenia, epilepsy, autism, anxiety, and addiction. These ailments are not neurodegenerative diseases that destroy part of the neural circuitry. So, if the defective circuits could be stimulated in the right way, the brain could develop normally.

It is indicated in the passage that the disorders arising from faulty wiring in the brain —-.

47. – 50. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

Of the wealth of geographical and cartographical data remaining from the Eastern world and the Greeks, the Romans were interested only in those elements that best suited their essentially practical needs. They virtually abandoned the studies of cosmography and mathematical geography, preferring to devote maximum effort to land surveys carried out by specialized military corps of land surveyors. From their topographical surveys and on-the-spot reconnaissance of places and cities, they formulated their itineraria scripta, publications similar in many respects to our tourist guides, and their itineraria picta, a kind of road map on which they stressed only those topographical features of use to travellers.

From the information in the passage, we learn that —-.

Of the wealth of geographical and cartographical data remaining from the Eastern world and the Greeks, the Romans were interested only in those elements that best suited their essentially practical needs. They virtually abandoned the studies of cosmography and mathematical geography, preferring to devote maximum effort to land surveys carried out by specialized military corps of land surveyors. From their topographical surveys and on-the-spot reconnaissance of places and cities, they formulated their itineraria scripta, publications similar in many respects to our tourist guides, and their itineraria picta, a kind of road map on which they stressed only those topographical features of use to travellers.

According to the passage, the Romans —-.

Of the wealth of geographical and cartographical data remaining from the Eastern world and the Greeks, the Romans were interested only in those elements that best suited their essentially practical needs. They virtually abandoned the studies of cosmography and mathematical geography, preferring to devote maximum effort to land surveys carried out by specialized military corps of land surveyors. From their topographical surveys and on-the-spot reconnaissance of places and cities, they formulated their itineraria scripta, publications similar in many respects to our tourist guides, and their itineraria picta, a kind of road map on which they stressed only those topographical features of use to travellers.

It is clear from the passage that, in Roman times, —-.

Of the wealth of geographical and cartographical data remaining from the Eastern world and the Greeks, the Romans were interested only in those elements that best suited their essentially practical needs. They virtually abandoned the studies of cosmography and mathematical geography, preferring to devote maximum effort to land surveys carried out by specialized military corps of land surveyors. From their topographical surveys and on-the-spot reconnaissance of places and cities, they formulated their itineraria scripta, publications similar in many respects to our tourist guides, and their itineraria picta, a kind of road map on which they stressed only those topographical features of use to travellers.

It can be inferred from the passage that —-.

51. – 54. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

Pottery was one of man’s first artefacts. It is the presence of pottery, rather than of the polished stone, that marks the passage from the Mesolithic to the Neolithic Ages, when agricultural peoples settled both in the Mediterranean area and in the Middle East. It is commonly believed that the earliest pottery receptacles copied those of other materials, such as gourds or baskets. From the fingerprints on them, it is possible to deduce that they were made principally by women. Originally, any decoration was indented; that is, patterns were pressed into the soft clay, and it remained so for a long period until new situations, at different times in different parts of the world, produced painted decoration. As a widespread form of culture, permanently bearing in its shapes and decoration the character of individual periods and peoples, the finding of pottery has been of supreme importance to the archaeologist.

One can understand from the passage that —-.

Pottery was one of man’s first artefacts. It is the presence of pottery, rather than of the polished stone, that marks the passage from the Mesolithic to the Neolithic Ages, when agricultural peoples settled both in the Mediterranean area and in the Middle East. It is commonly believed that the earliest pottery receptacles copied those of other materials, such as gourds or baskets. From the fingerprints on them, it is possible to deduce that they were made principally by women. Originally, any decoration was indented; that is, patterns were pressed into the soft clay, and it remained so for a long period until new situations, at different times in different parts of the world, produced painted decoration. As a widespread form of culture, permanently bearing in its shapes and decoration the character of individual periods and peoples, the finding of pottery has been of supreme importance to the archaeologist.

According to the passage, it was during the Neolithic Age that —-.

Pottery was one of man’s first artefacts. It is the presence of pottery, rather than of the polished stone, that marks the passage from the Mesolithic to the Neolithic Ages, when agricultural peoples settled both in the Mediterranean area and in the Middle East. It is commonly believed that the earliest pottery receptacles copied those of other materials, such as gourds or baskets. From the fingerprints on them, it is possible to deduce that they were made principally by women. Originally, any decoration was indented; that is, patterns were pressed into the soft clay, and it remained so for a long period until new situations, at different times in different parts of the world, produced painted decoration. As a widespread form of culture, permanently bearing in its shapes and decoration the character of individual periods and peoples, the finding of pottery has been of supreme importance to the archaeologist.

It is made clear in the passage that early examples of pottery —-.

Pottery was one of man’s first artefacts. It is the presence of pottery, rather than of the polished stone, that marks the passage from the Mesolithic to the Neolithic Ages, when agricultural peoples settled both in the Mediterranean area and in the Middle East. It is commonly believed that the earliest pottery receptacles copied those of other materials, such as gourds or baskets. From the fingerprints on them, it is possible to deduce that they were made principally by women. Originally, any decoration was indented; that is, patterns were pressed into the soft clay, and it remained so for a long period until new situations, at different times in different parts of the world, produced painted decoration. As a widespread form of culture, permanently bearing in its shapes and decoration the character of individual periods and peoples, the finding of pottery has been of supreme importance to the archaeologist.

As it is pointed out in the passage, pottery is of great importance to archaeologists largely because —-.

55. – 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

Charlie Chaplin, who was born in Britain but spent most of his life in the United States, is one of the pivotal figures in film history. He is especially remembered for his work in the silent movies. Chaplin knew that a successful scene was not simply about the starring actor, but about everything else. The only way to achieve that unity was to get personally involved in every stage of the film; from starring in his films to producing, directing, editing them, and even to composing the music for them. It was not uncommon for him to decide half-way through a film that an actor wasn’t suitable for a certain role, and start over with someone new. This constant attention to detail ran many features overtime and over-budget, but the public reaction assured him and the studios that what he was doing worked. Chaplin typically improvised his story in front of the camera with only a basic framework of a script. But on consideration, his art turned out to be firmly rooted, and could be seen, for example, to draw much of its strength from his successful fusion of English and American cultures and traditions.

As it is pointed out in the passage, the success of Chaplin’s films was largely due to —-.

Charlie Chaplin, who was born in Britain but spent most of his life in the United States, is one of the pivotal figures in film history. He is especially remembered for his work in the silent movies. Chaplin knew that a successful scene was not simply about the starring actor, but about everything else. The only way to achieve that unity was to get personally involved in every stage of the film; from starring in his films to producing, directing, editing them, and even to composing the music for them. It was not uncommon for him to decide half-way through a film that an actor wasn’t suitable for a certain role, and start over with someone new. This constant attention to detail ran many features overtime and over-budget, but the public reaction assured him and the studios that what he was doing worked. Chaplin typically improvised his story in front of the camera with only a basic framework of a script. But on consideration, his art turned out to be firmly rooted, and could be seen, for example, to draw much of its strength from his successful fusion of English and American cultures and traditions.

The passage makes it quite clear that Charlie Chaplin —-.

Charlie Chaplin, who was born in Britain but spent most of his life in the United States, is one of the pivotal figures in film history. He is especially remembered for his work in the silent movies. Chaplin knew that a successful scene was not simply about the starring actor, but about everything else. The only way to achieve that unity was to get personally involved in every stage of the film; from starring in his films to producing, directing, editing them, and even to composing the music for them. It was not uncommon for him to decide half-way through a film that an actor wasn’t suitable for a certain role, and start over with someone new. This constant attention to detail ran many features overtime and over-budget, but the public reaction assured him and the studios that what he was doing worked. Chaplin typically improvised his story in front of the camera with only a basic framework of a script. But on consideration, his art turned out to be firmly rooted, and could be seen, for example, to draw much of its strength from his successful fusion of English and American cultures and traditions.

It is clear from the passage that the film studios —-.

Charlie Chaplin, who was born in Britain but spent most of his life in the United States, is one of the pivotal figures in film history. He is especially remembered for his work in the silent movies. Chaplin knew that a successful scene was not simply about the starring actor, but about everything else. The only way to achieve that unity was to get personally involved in every stage of the film; from starring in his films to producing, directing, editing them, and even to composing the music for them. It was not uncommon for him to decide half-way through a film that an actor wasn’t suitable for a certain role, and start over with someone new. This constant attention to detail ran many features overtime and over-budget, but the public reaction assured him and the studios that what he was doing worked. Chaplin typically improvised his story in front of the camera with only a basic framework of a script. But on consideration, his art turned out to be firmly rooted, and could be seen, for example, to draw much of its strength from his successful fusion of English and American cultures and traditions.

The passage as a whole explains —-.

59. – 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings. The term is frequently applied to the project of developing systems endowed with the intellectual processes characteristic of humans, such as the ability to reason, discover meaning, generalize, or learn from past experience. Since the development of the digital computer in the 1940s, it has been demonstrated that computers can be programmed to perform very complex tasks, such as discovering proofs for mathematical theorems or playing chess, with great proficiency. Still, although there are continuing advances in computer-processing speed and memory capacity, there are as yet no programs that can match human flexibility over wider domains or in tasks requiring much everyday knowledge. On the other hand, some extraordinary programs have attained performance levels beyond those of human experts and professionals engaged in certain specific tasks. AI, in this limited sense, is used efficiently and found in applications as diverse as medical diagnosis, computer search engines, and voice or handwriting recognition.

It can be understood from the passage that some programs equipped with AI —-.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings. The term is frequently applied to the project of developing systems endowed with the intellectual processes characteristic of humans, such as the ability to reason, discover meaning, generalize, or learn from past experience. Since the development of the digital computer in the 1940s, it has been demonstrated that computers can be programmed to perform very complex tasks, such as discovering proofs for mathematical theorems or playing chess, with great proficiency. Still, although there are continuing advances in computer-processing speed and memory capacity, there are as yet no programs that can match human flexibility over wider domains or in tasks requiring much everyday knowledge. On the other hand, some extraordinary programs have attained performance levels beyond those of human experts and professionals engaged in certain specific tasks. AI, in this limited sense, is used efficiently and found in applications as diverse as medical diagnosis, computer search engines, and voice or handwriting recognition.

According to the passage, AI —-.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings. The term is frequently applied to the project of developing systems endowed with the intellectual processes characteristic of humans, such as the ability to reason, discover meaning, generalize, or learn from past experience. Since the development of the digital computer in the 1940s, it has been demonstrated that computers can be programmed to perform very complex tasks, such as discovering proofs for mathematical theorems or playing chess, with great proficiency. Still, although there are continuing advances in computer-processing speed and memory capacity, there are as yet no programs that can match human flexibility over wider domains or in tasks requiring much everyday knowledge. On the other hand, some extraordinary programs have attained performance levels beyond those of human experts and professionals engaged in certain specific tasks. AI, in this limited sense, is used efficiently and found in applications as diverse as medical diagnosis, computer search engines, and voice or handwriting recognition.

It can be inferred from the passage that —-.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings. The term is frequently applied to the project of developing systems endowed with the intellectual processes characteristic of humans, such as the ability to reason, discover meaning, generalize, or learn from past experience. Since the development of the digital computer in the 1940s, it has been demonstrated that computers can be programmed to perform very complex tasks, such as discovering proofs for mathematical theorems or playing chess, with great proficiency. Still, although there are continuing advances in computer-processing speed and memory capacity, there are as yet no programs that can match human flexibility over wider domains or in tasks requiring much everyday knowledge. On the other hand, some extraordinary programs have attained performance levels beyond those of human experts and professionals engaged in certain specific tasks. AI, in this limited sense, is used efficiently and found in applications as diverse as medical diagnosis, computer search engines, and voice or handwriting recognition.

According to the passage, some outstanding AI applications —-.

63. – 67. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi bulunuz.

Andrew:
– Last night, I watched a programme on TV about rare brain syndromes. Especially, Munchausen syndrome is truly bizarre.
Colin:
– This is the first time I’ve heard that syndrome mentioned. I wonder what it is.
Andrew:
– —-
Colin:
– That sounds odd. I’m glad to hear that the syndrome is a rare case.

Mary:
– In our etymology class, the teacher explained that the English word lady derived from an Old English word, hlāfdige, which once meant ‘the woman who kneads dough.’ She said that it later became ‘the chief female of the household,’ and hence, the one least likely to deal with such chores.
Mike:
– Oh, really? I didn’t know that! What is ‘etymology’ by the way?
Mary:
– It is the study of the origin and history of words in a language.
John:
– —-
Mary:
-That’s exactly right.

Vicki:
– I’ve just eaten a large meal, and I’m already hungry again!
Bryan:
– —-
Vicki:
– I had soup and bread, and a baked potato with vegetables.
Bryan:
– You’re hungry again because you ate mostly carbohydrates. Your body has already used the energy from your meal and is looking for more energy.

Mike:
– Do you know that they are going to start rationing water?
Cindy:
– Yes. I happened to hear it on the news this morning. They said that the reservoir had dipped below half its capacity, and the volume of water entering the reservoir is the smallest in the last ten years.
Mike:
– It’s not surprising, actually, because we haven’t had as much rain as usual this year.
Cindy:
– Well, if it could rain even a drop, my flowers would certainly come back. The soil has been baked so hard. Mike:
– —-

Joseph:
– I read that Taiwanese researchers have developed a motorcycle that runs on compressed air.
Maria:
– So, what’s so special about it?
Joseph:
– —-
Maria:
– Oh, then it really is a significant invention.

68. – 71. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en yakın cümleyi bulunuz.

Historians emphasize Byzantine trade and industry because these provided most of the surplus wealth that supported the state.

The very term ‘postcolonial’ underlines the fact that colonialism’s legacies have endured in former colonies even after independence.

Getting a law passed is one thing but getting it enforced is quite another thing.

Of all the decisions a free people must face, the question of war or peace is the most crucial.

72. – 75. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz.

In recent years, many countries in Africa have faced severe food shortages as a result of extended drought. The reduced capacity for food production has been catastrophic for a population of over 200 million people, some of whom have died of starvation. —- In order to rehabilitate these victims, the international community brings in emergency aid, both in the form of food supplies and of technical assistance. However, the drought hazard in Africa is expected to continue, recurring at unpredictable intervals.

Technical changes may influence employment in several ways. They may bring about a permanent reduction of the number of workers in certain occupations and increases in others. —-. The first of these is illustrated in the changes that have occurred in the number of workers in agriculture. The result of the development of mass production tools, on the other hand, has been a reduction of the labour needs of the industries using these tools.

The development of effective anti-retrovirals has transformed AIDS into two diseases: one for the rich and quite a different one for the poor. —-. So, they can think of their illness as a chronic condition with which they may live for decades. The incidence of new cases has also dropped significantly. By contrast, in much of the developing world, HIV infection is still largely a near-term death sentence, and the far greater incidence is only just beginning to level off.

Castes are known in several societies, but the best known and most rigid example developed in India. It may have grown in the first two millennia B.C., chiefly with the object of preserving the pale-skinned Aryan invaders from admixture with the darker-skinned, indigenous Dravidians. —- However, an increasing subdivision of castes was firmly established by the 5th century B.C., with strict rules of social conduct.

76. – 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulunuz.

(I) Turkey first applied for associate membership in the European Union (EU) – then the European Economic Community (EEC) – in 1959. (II) The application resulted in an association agreement in 1963, whereby Turkey and the EU would, in principal, gradually create a customs union by 1995 at the latest. (III) After pursuing inward-oriented development strategies throughout the 1960s and 1970s, Turkey switched over to a more outward oriented policy position in 1980. (IV) It was a step towards full EU membership at an unspecified future date. (V) The EU unilaterally granted Turkey preferential tariffs and financial assistance, but the process of mutual reductions in customs tariffs and nontariff barriers was delayed because of the economic and political conditions in Turkey.

(I) After the arrival of road and rail links, the commercial importance of Amsterdam’s 75 km of canals declined, although barges still ply the waters of the Amstel River. (II) Canals do, however, play a crucial role in the city’s tourist industry, as well as providing Amsterdammers with transport routes and a place to live. (III) In 1994, the city council passed laws aimed at reducing pleasure-boat traffic and imposing stricter rules on houseboats. (IV) A rapid increase in population in the latter half of the century caused a demand for housing in the city. (V) In spite of this, the canals can get very clogged in summer, and there are still around 2,500 houseboats officially moored within the city’s boundaries.

(I) The coming convergence of biology and engineering will be led by information technologies, which in medicine means the digitization of medical records and the establishment of an intelligent network for sharing those records. (II) That essential reform will enable many other big technological changes to be introduced throughout the health-care sector. (III) Just as important, it can make personal medical information available to the patients too, enabling them to make decisions related to their own health. (IV) Technology in general is advancing so quickly that many people believe it will improve the quality of life significantly. (V) However, many doctors, and some patients, believe that patients lack the knowledge to make informed decisions about their own health.

(I) With the advent of relativity theory, the physicist Max Born was the first to develop a relativistic theory of the rigid electron. (II) The theory brought him into contact with Albert Einstein, first in 1909 and later during World War I. (III) He and Einstein were to remain close friends. (IV) Studies in nuclear physics have had a pattern of staggering progress. (V) Their correspondence is one of the treasures of 20thcentury history.

(I) A compound is a substance containing two or more elements in a fixed ratio. (II) The smallest unit of an element having all the characteristics of that element is an atom. (III) They are much more common than pure elements in nature. (IV) In fact, few elements exist in a pure state in nature. (V) Many compounds consist of only two elements; for instance, table salt (sodium chloride, NaCl) has an equal number of parts of the elements sodium and chlorine.