1. – 6. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere uygun düşen sözcük veya ifadeyi bulunuz.

Losing a loved one is always painful, but for most people time —- heals the wounds.

Studies of the negative effects of plastic on the human body show that the plastic products we use every day —- with our hormone systems.

To the peoples of the ancient world, the characteristic —- of civilization such as government, literature, science, and art were necessarily products of city life.

Short-term memory records the information in front of us right now, though a portion of this seems to evaporate soon afterward; the remainder —- a process in the brain called consolidation, which makes it permanent.

The geological history of the Grand Canyon region —- to be a lot more complex than previously thought when scientists examined the area in more detail.

Only a few foods supply —- amounts of vitamin D, notably those derived from animals.

7. – 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere uygun düşen sözcük veya ifadeyi bulunuz.

An increasing number of young adults in India wish to have more choice in the selection of their future wives or husbands —- they still let their parents arrange their marriages.

Soon after the end of World War I, pioneers began to show that, —- popular opinion, long-distance flights across oceans could be made in safety.

—- sterilization creates a pathogen-free environment, 5 to 10 per cent of patients still contract an infection during their stay at hospital.

Painters —- diverse —- Goya, Manet, and Picasso were inspired by Titian and other Renaissance painters.

Scientists —- the common cold as —- by a family of over 200 viruses.

—- are moods more under the spotlight than in our most intimate relationships.

For decades presidents have been coming —- plans to deal with the fact that one day the world will run —- its key source of energy: oil.

Scientists have studied the health status of native people in the South Pacific —- decades, and have noted the explosion of diet-related disease —- the area.

At the end of 1998, Estonia —- the strict citizenship requirements that —- the country’s Russian minority from gaining citizenship.

The ruins of ancient Troy —- as breath-taking as those of Ephesus or Aphrodisias, but, for anyone who has ever read Homer’s Iliad or Odyssey, they have a romance few places on Earth —-.

17. – 21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük veya ifadeyi bulunuz.

The Pergamum of Eumenes II is remembered (17) —- for its library. Said to have held more than 200,000 volumes, the library was a symbol of Pergamum’s social and cultural status. Eumenes was a passionate book collector, and his library came to challenge the world’s greatest one in Alexandria (700,000 books). Afraid that the Pergamum library (18) —- famous scholars away from Alexandria, the Egyptians cut off the supply of papyrus from the Nile. Never one to refuse a challenge, Eumenes set his scientists to work and they (19) —- pergamen (Latin for parchment), a writing surface made from animal hides rather than pressed papyrus reeds. (20) —- the end, however, it was the Egyptians who had the last laugh. (21) —- the library at Alexandria was damaged by fire, Mark Antony pillaged the one at Pergamum for books to give to his beloved Cleopatra.

The Pergamum of Eumenes II is remembered (17) —- for its library. Said to have held more than 200,000 volumes, the library was a symbol of Pergamum’s social and cultural status. Eumenes was a passionate book collector, and his library came to challenge the world’s greatest one in Alexandria (700,000 books). Afraid that the Pergamum library (18) —- famous scholars away from Alexandria, the Egyptians cut off the supply of papyrus from the Nile. Never one to refuse a challenge, Eumenes set his scientists to work and they (19) —- pergamen (Latin for parchment), a writing surface made from animal hides rather than pressed papyrus reeds. (20) —- the end, however, it was the Egyptians who had the last laugh. (21) —- the library at Alexandria was damaged by fire, Mark Antony pillaged the one at Pergamum for books to give to his beloved Cleopatra.

The Pergamum of Eumenes II is remembered (17) —- for its library. Said to have held more than 200,000 volumes, the library was a symbol of Pergamum’s social and cultural status. Eumenes was a passionate book collector, and his library came to challenge the world’s greatest one in Alexandria (700,000 books). Afraid that the Pergamum library (18) —- famous scholars away from Alexandria, the Egyptians cut off the supply of papyrus from the Nile. Never one to refuse a challenge, Eumenes set his scientists to work and they (19) —- pergamen (Latin for parchment), a writing surface made from animal hides rather than pressed papyrus reeds. (20) —- the end, however, it was the Egyptians who had the last laugh. (21) —- the library at Alexandria was damaged by fire, Mark Antony pillaged the one at Pergamum for books to give to his beloved Cleopatra.

The Pergamum of Eumenes II is remembered (17) —- for its library. Said to have held more than 200,000 volumes, the library was a symbol of Pergamum’s social and cultural status. Eumenes was a passionate book collector, and his library came to challenge the world’s greatest one in Alexandria (700,000 books). Afraid that the Pergamum library (18) —- famous scholars away from Alexandria, the Egyptians cut off the supply of papyrus from the Nile. Never one to refuse a challenge, Eumenes set his scientists to work and they (19) —- pergamen (Latin for parchment), a writing surface made from animal hides rather than pressed papyrus reeds. (20) —- the end, however, it was the Egyptians who had the last laugh. (21) —- the library at Alexandria was damaged by fire, Mark Antony pillaged the one at Pergamum for books to give to his beloved Cleopatra.

The Pergamum of Eumenes II is remembered (17) —- for its library. Said to have held more than 200,000 volumes, the library was a symbol of Pergamum’s social and cultural status. Eumenes was a passionate book collector, and his library came to challenge the world’s greatest one in Alexandria (700,000 books). Afraid that the Pergamum library (18) —- famous scholars away from Alexandria, the Egyptians cut off the supply of papyrus from the Nile. Never one to refuse a challenge, Eumenes set his scientists to work and they (19) —- pergamen (Latin for parchment), a writing surface made from animal hides rather than pressed papyrus reeds. (20) —- the end, however, it was the Egyptians who had the last laugh. (21) —- the library at Alexandria was damaged by fire, Mark Antony pillaged the one at Pergamum for books to give to his beloved Cleopatra.

22. – 26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük veya ifadeyi bulunuz.

To determine a person’s diet history, the doctor asks what foods (22) —- in the previous 24 hours and what types of food are usually eaten. The person may be asked to keep a food diary, in which he lists everything he eats for three days. (23) —- the physical examination, the doctor observes the person’s general appearance and behaviour (24) —- the distribution of body fat and the functioning of body organs. (25) —- the doctor suspects severe malnutrition, he orders a complete blood cell count and blood and urine tests to measure levels of vitamins, minerals, and waste products such as urea. Skin tests may also be ordered to (26) —- certain types of immunity.

To determine a person’s diet history, the doctor asks what foods (22) —- in the previous 24 hours and what types of food are usually eaten. The person may be asked to keep a food diary, in which he lists everything he eats for three days. (23) —- the physical examination, the doctor observes the person’s general appearance and behaviour (24) —- the distribution of body fat and the functioning of body organs. (25) —- the doctor suspects severe malnutrition, he orders a complete blood cell count and blood and urine tests to measure levels of vitamins, minerals, and waste products such as urea. Skin tests may also be ordered to (26) —- certain types of immunity.

To determine a person’s diet history, the doctor asks what foods (22) —- in the previous 24 hours and what types of food are usually eaten. The person may be asked to keep a food diary, in which he lists everything he eats for three days. (23) —- the physical examination, the doctor observes the person’s general appearance and behaviour (24) —- the distribution of body fat and the functioning of body organs. (25) —- the doctor suspects severe malnutrition, he orders a complete blood cell count and blood and urine tests to measure levels of vitamins, minerals, and waste products such as urea. Skin tests may also be ordered to (26) —- certain types of immunity.

To determine a person’s diet history, the doctor asks what foods (22) —- in the previous 24 hours and what types of food are usually eaten. The person may be asked to keep a food diary, in which he lists everything he eats for three days. (23) —- the physical examination, the doctor observes the person’s general appearance and behaviour (24) —- the distribution of body fat and the functioning of body organs. (25) —- the doctor suspects severe malnutrition, he orders a complete blood cell count and blood and urine tests to measure levels of vitamins, minerals, and waste products such as urea. Skin tests may also be ordered to (26) —- certain types of immunity.

To determine a person’s diet history, the doctor asks what foods (22) —- in the previous 24 hours and what types of food are usually eaten. The person may be asked to keep a food diary, in which he lists everything he eats for three days. (23) —- the physical examination, the doctor observes the person’s general appearance and behaviour (24) —- the distribution of body fat and the functioning of body organs. (25) —- the doctor suspects severe malnutrition, he orders a complete blood cell count and blood and urine tests to measure levels of vitamins, minerals, and waste products such as urea. Skin tests may also be ordered to (26) —- certain types of immunity.

27. – 36. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.

Even though there was economic dislocation as well as demographic collapse, —-.

Unless the name of a new product is constantly repeated in advertisements, —-.

—-, the person is said to suffer circulatory shock.

Organisms depend on the atmosphere, —-.

Because breast cancer rarely produces symptoms in its early stages, —-.

Because its habitat is threatened by climate change, —-.

Normally, the volume of sweat is about 100 ml/day, —-.

—- whether the universe will continue to expand forever.

In a natural ecosystem, the essential minerals removed from the soil by plants are returned —-.

—-, until the Europeans began to settle there in the 18th century.

37. – 42. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz.

The accumulation of financial capital, and its intelligent outlay for the acquisition of new goods and services, are the major features of the modern merchantile system in which we live.

One of the greatest challenges in developing and using cancer drugs is delivering the drugs to the diseased tissues without poisoning the patient’s entire body.

The discovery of the electron in the 1890s might be said to mark the beginning of modern physics.

Genel olarak, okur-yazarlık oranlarındaki artış düzeylerine rağmen, kadınlar hâlâ okuma yazma bilmeyen dünya nüfusunun yaklaşık üçte ikisini temsil etmektedirler.

Her ne kadar 43.000 yıllık Neandertal fosillerinden elde edilen DNA örneklerinin modern insanlarınki ile aynı mutasyonlara sahip olduğu bulunmuş olsa da, bu atalarımızın konuşabildiği anlamına gelmemektedir.

Medyadaki şiddet görüntülerini izlemenin daha sonra çocuklarda saldırgan davranışlara yol açtığını kesin biçimde ortaya koyamasalar da, aradaki bağlantıyı araştıran çalışmalar şiddet izlenmesi ile sonradan ortaya çıkan saldırganlık arasında dikkate değer bir ilişki kurmaktadırlar.

43. – 46. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

Ancient Greece consisted of a number of city-states, of which Athens was one of the greatest. In the fifth century B.C., all citizens native to Athens could both vote and speak in a government assembly; but this, of course did not apply to women and slaves. This system of ‘direct democracy’ was feasible because Athens was a small community. Each individual could be involved, gathering collectively in the public square where decisions on government matters, such as laws and foreign affairs, were made. City administrators were expected to account for their decisions. What counted in ancient Athens was the authority of the community as a whole. This took precedent over the liberty of the individual. The freedom of the individual to make private decisions, such as choosing a religion, was restricted on the grounds that the interests of society were paramount. However, this simple form of democracy had its drawbacks. While subsequent political thinkers praised the concept of direct political involvement, it was recognized that this would be impractical in larger communities. Indeed, societies with populations of thousands or millions would never be able to manage the logistical problem of direct participation. It was, therefore, natural that in modern times there emerged the idea of representative democracy.

It is clearly stated in the passage that, in ancient Athens, —-.

Ancient Greece consisted of a number of city-states, of which Athens was one of the greatest. In the fifth century B.C., all citizens native to Athens could both vote and speak in a government assembly; but this, of course did not apply to women and slaves. This system of ‘direct democracy’ was feasible because Athens was a small community. Each individual could be involved, gathering collectively in the public square where decisions on government matters, such as laws and foreign affairs, were made. City administrators were expected to account for their decisions. What counted in ancient Athens was the authority of the community as a whole. This took precedent over the liberty of the individual. The freedom of the individual to make private decisions, such as choosing a religion, was restricted on the grounds that the interests of society were paramount. However, this simple form of democracy had its drawbacks. While subsequent political thinkers praised the concept of direct political involvement, it was recognized that this would be impractical in larger communities. Indeed, societies with populations of thousands or millions would never be able to manage the logistical problem of direct participation. It was, therefore, natural that in modern times there emerged the idea of representative democracy.

As pointed out in the passage, the system of direct democracy —-.

Ancient Greece consisted of a number of city-states, of which Athens was one of the greatest. In the fifth century B.C., all citizens native to Athens could both vote and speak in a government assembly; but this, of course did not apply to women and slaves. This system of ‘direct democracy’ was feasible because Athens was a small community. Each individual could be involved, gathering collectively in the public square where decisions on government matters, such as laws and foreign affairs, were made. City administrators were expected to account for their decisions. What counted in ancient Athens was the authority of the community as a whole. This took precedent over the liberty of the individual. The freedom of the individual to make private decisions, such as choosing a religion, was restricted on the grounds that the interests of society were paramount. However, this simple form of democracy had its drawbacks. While subsequent political thinkers praised the concept of direct political involvement, it was recognized that this would be impractical in larger communities. Indeed, societies with populations of thousands or millions would never be able to manage the logistical problem of direct participation. It was, therefore, natural that in modern times there emerged the idea of representative democracy.

According to the passage, every recognized Athenian male citizen —-.

Ancient Greece consisted of a number of city-states, of which Athens was one of the greatest. In the fifth century B.C., all citizens native to Athens could both vote and speak in a government assembly; but this, of course did not apply to women and slaves. This system of ‘direct democracy’ was feasible because Athens was a small community. Each individual could be involved, gathering collectively in the public square where decisions on government matters, such as laws and foreign affairs, were made. City administrators were expected to account for their decisions. What counted in ancient Athens was the authority of the community as a whole. This took precedent over the liberty of the individual. The freedom of the individual to make private decisions, such as choosing a religion, was restricted on the grounds that the interests of society were paramount. However, this simple form of democracy had its drawbacks. While subsequent political thinkers praised the concept of direct political involvement, it was recognized that this would be impractical in larger communities. Indeed, societies with populations of thousands or millions would never be able to manage the logistical problem of direct participation. It was, therefore, natural that in modern times there emerged the idea of representative democracy.

In the passage, attention is drawn to the fact that administrators in ancient Athens —-.

47. – 50. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

The single most effective step people can take against hypertension is to find out whether they have it. At check-up time, a health-care professional can provide an accurate resting blood pressure reading. Under normal conditions, blood pressure fluctuates continuously in response to a variety of factors including such things as talking or shifting position. Some people react emotionally to the procedure, which raises the blood pressure reading. For these reasons, if the resting blood pressure is above normal, the reading should be repeated before confirming the diagnosis of hypertension. Thereafter, the blood pressure should be checked regularly. In general, efforts to reduce high blood pressure focus on weight control, because excess body fat, especially abdominal fat, can precipitate hypertension. Indeed, weight loss alone is one of the most effective nondrug treatments for hypertension. Those who are using drugs to control their blood pressure can often reduce or discontinue the drugs if they lose weight. Even a modest loss of 5 kilograms may significantly lower blood pressure.

According to the passage, weight loss —-.

The single most effective step people can take against hypertension is to find out whether they have it. At check-up time, a health-care professional can provide an accurate resting blood pressure reading. Under normal conditions, blood pressure fluctuates continuously in response to a variety of factors including such things as talking or shifting position. Some people react emotionally to the procedure, which raises the blood pressure reading. For these reasons, if the resting blood pressure is above normal, the reading should be repeated before confirming the diagnosis of hypertension. Thereafter, the blood pressure should be checked regularly. In general, efforts to reduce high blood pressure focus on weight control, because excess body fat, especially abdominal fat, can precipitate hypertension. Indeed, weight loss alone is one of the most effective nondrug treatments for hypertension. Those who are using drugs to control their blood pressure can often reduce or discontinue the drugs if they lose weight. Even a modest loss of 5 kilograms may significantly lower blood pressure.

It is clear from the passage that, before diagnosing hypertension, the health-care professional —-.

The single most effective step people can take against hypertension is to find out whether they have it. At check-up time, a health-care professional can provide an accurate resting blood pressure reading. Under normal conditions, blood pressure fluctuates continuously in response to a variety of factors including such things as talking or shifting position. Some people react emotionally to the procedure, which raises the blood pressure reading. For these reasons, if the resting blood pressure is above normal, the reading should be repeated before confirming the diagnosis of hypertension. Thereafter, the blood pressure should be checked regularly. In general, efforts to reduce high blood pressure focus on weight control, because excess body fat, especially abdominal fat, can precipitate hypertension. Indeed, weight loss alone is one of the most effective nondrug treatments for hypertension. Those who are using drugs to control their blood pressure can often reduce or discontinue the drugs if they lose weight. Even a modest loss of 5 kilograms may significantly lower blood pressure.

It is pointed out in the passage that, normally, blood pressure —-.

The single most effective step people can take against hypertension is to find out whether they have it. At check-up time, a health-care professional can provide an accurate resting blood pressure reading. Under normal conditions, blood pressure fluctuates continuously in response to a variety of factors including such things as talking or shifting position. Some people react emotionally to the procedure, which raises the blood pressure reading. For these reasons, if the resting blood pressure is above normal, the reading should be repeated before confirming the diagnosis of hypertension. Thereafter, the blood pressure should be checked regularly. In general, efforts to reduce high blood pressure focus on weight control, because excess body fat, especially abdominal fat, can precipitate hypertension. Indeed, weight loss alone is one of the most effective nondrug treatments for hypertension. Those who are using drugs to control their blood pressure can often reduce or discontinue the drugs if they lose weight. Even a modest loss of 5 kilograms may significantly lower blood pressure.

According to the passage, if a person with hypertension loses weight, —-.

51. – 54. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

Ozone molecules in the stratosphere absorb incoming solar ultraviolet radiation. With depletion of the ozone layer, more ultraviolet radiation reaches the Earth’s surface. Excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation is linked to a number of human health problems. These include cataracts, skin cancer, and a weakened immune system. However, this is not the end of the list. Much scientific evidence also documents crop damage from exposure to high levels of ultraviolet radiation. Moreover, biologists are seriously concerned that the ozone hole over Antarctica could damage plankton that forms the base of the food web for the surrounding ocean. A 1992 study confirmed that increased ultraviolet radiation is penetrating surface waters around Antarctica. This extra amount of ultraviolet radiation is negatively affecting Antarctic phytoplankton. The productivity of Antarctic phytoplankton has declined by at least 6% to 12% as a result. If the productivity of phytoplankton continues to decline, the complex food web of Antarctica, which includes fishes, seals, penguins, whales, and vast populations of birds, will be at risk.

According to the passage, the depletion of the ozone layer —–.

Ozone molecules in the stratosphere absorb incoming solar ultraviolet radiation. With depletion of the ozone layer, more ultraviolet radiation reaches the Earth’s surface. Excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation is linked to a number of human health problems. These include cataracts, skin cancer, and a weakened immune system. However, this is not the end of the list. Much scientific evidence also documents crop damage from exposure to high levels of ultraviolet radiation. Moreover, biologists are seriously concerned that the ozone hole over Antarctica could damage plankton that forms the base of the food web for the surrounding ocean. A 1992 study confirmed that increased ultraviolet radiation is penetrating surface waters around Antarctica. This extra amount of ultraviolet radiation is negatively affecting Antarctic phytoplankton. The productivity of Antarctic phytoplankton has declined by at least 6% to 12% as a result. If the productivity of phytoplankton continues to decline, the complex food web of Antarctica, which includes fishes, seals, penguins, whales, and vast populations of birds, will be at risk.

One learns from the passage that ultraviolet radiation from the sun —–.

Ozone molecules in the stratosphere absorb incoming solar ultraviolet radiation. With depletion of the ozone layer, more ultraviolet radiation reaches the Earth’s surface. Excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation is linked to a number of human health problems. These include cataracts, skin cancer, and a weakened immune system. However, this is not the end of the list. Much scientific evidence also documents crop damage from exposure to high levels of ultraviolet radiation. Moreover, biologists are seriously concerned that the ozone hole over Antarctica could damage plankton that forms the base of the food web for the surrounding ocean. A 1992 study confirmed that increased ultraviolet radiation is penetrating surface waters around Antarctica. This extra amount of ultraviolet radiation is negatively affecting Antarctic phytoplankton. The productivity of Antarctic phytoplankton has declined by at least 6% to 12% as a result. If the productivity of phytoplankton continues to decline, the complex food web of Antarctica, which includes fishes, seals, penguins, whales, and vast populations of birds, will be at risk.

One can infer from the passage that ——.

Ozone molecules in the stratosphere absorb incoming solar ultraviolet radiation. With depletion of the ozone layer, more ultraviolet radiation reaches the Earth’s surface. Excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation is linked to a number of human health problems. These include cataracts, skin cancer, and a weakened immune system. However, this is not the end of the list. Much scientific evidence also documents crop damage from exposure to high levels of ultraviolet radiation. Moreover, biologists are seriously concerned that the ozone hole over Antarctica could damage plankton that forms the base of the food web for the surrounding ocean. A 1992 study confirmed that increased ultraviolet radiation is penetrating surface waters around Antarctica. This extra amount of ultraviolet radiation is negatively affecting Antarctic phytoplankton. The productivity of Antarctic phytoplankton has declined by at least 6% to 12% as a result. If the productivity of phytoplankton continues to decline, the complex food web of Antarctica, which includes fishes, seals, penguins, whales, and vast populations of birds, will be at risk.

The increasing size of the hole in the ozone layer in the stratosphere —–.

55. – 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

A population is a group of individual organisms of the same kind that are limited to some particular space. The most familiar example is the human population, but there are also populations of animals and plants everywhere on Earth. In fact, scientists regard a population as a biological unit that has both structure and function. The parts of a population are its individual members. The functions of a population are similar to those of other biological units: growth, development, and self-maintenance in a changing environment. Individuals enter a population by birth and by moving in, that is, by immigration. Individuals leave a population by death and by moving out, that is, by emigration. If the environment of a population remains the same, loss and replacement of members are in balance. The population will be able to survive in that particular environment. If the environment changes, however, loss or addition of members increases or decreases the size of the population.

It is pointed out in the passage that the changes that occur in the environment of a population —-.

A population is a group of individual organisms of the same kind that are limited to some particular space. The most familiar example is the human population, but there are also populations of animals and plants everywhere on Earth. In fact, scientists regard a population as a biological unit that has both structure and function. The parts of a population are its individual members. The functions of a population are similar to those of other biological units: growth, development, and self-maintenance in a changing environment. Individuals enter a population by birth and by moving in, that is, by immigration. Individuals leave a population by death and by moving out, that is, by emigration. If the environment of a population remains the same, loss and replacement of members are in balance. The population will be able to survive in that particular environment. If the environment changes, however, loss or addition of members increases or decreases the size of the population.

According to the passage, what is called a ‘population’ in biology —-.

A population is a group of individual organisms of the same kind that are limited to some particular space. The most familiar example is the human population, but there are also populations of animals and plants everywhere on Earth. In fact, scientists regard a population as a biological unit that has both structure and function. The parts of a population are its individual members. The functions of a population are similar to those of other biological units: growth, development, and self-maintenance in a changing environment. Individuals enter a population by birth and by moving in, that is, by immigration. Individuals leave a population by death and by moving out, that is, by emigration. If the environment of a population remains the same, loss and replacement of members are in balance. The population will be able to survive in that particular environment. If the environment changes, however, loss or addition of members increases or decreases the size of the population.

It is clear from the passage that, so long as a population lives in a constant environment, —-.

A population is a group of individual organisms of the same kind that are limited to some particular space. The most familiar example is the human population, but there are also populations of animals and plants everywhere on Earth. In fact, scientists regard a population as a biological unit that has both structure and function. The parts of a population are its individual members. The functions of a population are similar to those of other biological units: growth, development, and self-maintenance in a changing environment. Individuals enter a population by birth and by moving in, that is, by immigration. Individuals leave a population by death and by moving out, that is, by emigration. If the environment of a population remains the same, loss and replacement of members are in balance. The population will be able to survive in that particular environment. If the environment changes, however, loss or addition of members increases or decreases the size of the population.

As it is indicated in the passage, if the addition of new members to a population exceeds loss, —-.

59. – 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

Socrates was a classical Greek philosopher whose thoughts had profound influence in his field. Little is known about his early and middle years, although according to ancient tradition, he worked as a stonecutter. The fact that he served as a heavily armed soldier in the Peloponnesian War indicates that during the early years of the war, he was roughly middle class, because men from this social class were required to provide their own armour. At some time during this period, Socrates began the mission of moral reform for which he became famous. He passed his time arguing about various moral subjects that interested him with his fellow Athenians and attempting to inspire them to be virtuous and honourable. Socrates’ followers included not only Plato, but Alcibiades and Critias as well, both of whom later undermined the Athenian democracy. Possibly because of such notorious connections, Socrates was accused of impiety – showing a lack of respect for God – and corrupting youth. Different versions of the speech he made to defend himself against these accusations still exist today. In his speech, he described himself as a great benefactor to the city, and claimed that the Athenians would harm themselves in killing him. In spite of, or perhaps to some extent because of, his defence, Socrates was convicted, sentenced to death, and executed.

Which of the following is certainly true about Socrates?

Socrates was a classical Greek philosopher whose thoughts had profound influence in his field. Little is known about his early and middle years, although according to ancient tradition, he worked as a stonecutter. The fact that he served as a heavily armed soldier in the Peloponnesian War indicates that during the early years of the war, he was roughly middle class, because men from this social class were required to provide their own armour. At some time during this period, Socrates began the mission of moral reform for which he became famous. He passed his time arguing about various moral subjects that interested him with his fellow Athenians and attempting to inspire them to be virtuous and honourable. Socrates’ followers included not only Plato, but Alcibiades and Critias as well, both of whom later undermined the Athenian democracy. Possibly because of such notorious connections, Socrates was accused of impiety – showing a lack of respect for God – and corrupting youth. Different versions of the speech he made to defend himself against these accusations still exist today. In his speech, he described himself as a great benefactor to the city, and claimed that the Athenians would harm themselves in killing him. In spite of, or perhaps to some extent because of, his defence, Socrates was convicted, sentenced to death, and executed.

What could be said about the philosophical tradition of Socrates?

Socrates was a classical Greek philosopher whose thoughts had profound influence in his field. Little is known about his early and middle years, although according to ancient tradition, he worked as a stonecutter. The fact that he served as a heavily armed soldier in the Peloponnesian War indicates that during the early years of the war, he was roughly middle class, because men from this social class were required to provide their own armour. At some time during this period, Socrates began the mission of moral reform for which he became famous. He passed his time arguing about various moral subjects that interested him with his fellow Athenians and attempting to inspire them to be virtuous and honourable. Socrates’ followers included not only Plato, but Alcibiades and Critias as well, both of whom later undermined the Athenian democracy. Possibly because of such notorious connections, Socrates was accused of impiety – showing a lack of respect for God – and corrupting youth. Different versions of the speech he made to defend himself against these accusations still exist today. In his speech, he described himself as a great benefactor to the city, and claimed that the Athenians would harm themselves in killing him. In spite of, or perhaps to some extent because of, his defence, Socrates was convicted, sentenced to death, and executed.

Which of the following can be inferred based on the speech Socrates made to defend his actions?

Socrates was a classical Greek philosopher whose thoughts had profound influence in his field. Little is known about his early and middle years, although according to ancient tradition, he worked as a stonecutter. The fact that he served as a heavily armed soldier in the Peloponnesian War indicates that during the early years of the war, he was roughly middle class, because men from this social class were required to provide their own armour. At some time during this period, Socrates began the mission of moral reform for which he became famous. He passed his time arguing about various moral subjects that interested him with his fellow Athenians and attempting to inspire them to be virtuous and honourable. Socrates’ followers included not only Plato, but Alcibiades and Critias as well, both of whom later undermined the Athenian democracy. Possibly because of such notorious connections, Socrates was accused of impiety – showing a lack of respect for God – and corrupting youth. Different versions of the speech he made to defend himself against these accusations still exist today. In his speech, he described himself as a great benefactor to the city, and claimed that the Athenians would harm themselves in killing him. In spite of, or perhaps to some extent because of, his defence, Socrates was convicted, sentenced to death, and executed.

Which could be the best title for this passage?

63. – 67. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi bulunuz.

Timothy:
– I have read in a newspaper article that the world’s weakest states aren’t just a danger to themselves.
William:
– What does this mean?
Timothy:
– —-
William:
– So it is obvious why they are given development aid by international funds.

Mary:
– What is wrong with you? You look very upset.
Beth:
– I have some health problems related to my weight.
Mary:
– —-
Beth:
– If it is that much simple, I will follow your advice strictly.

Franklin:
– Did you know that aluminium is the most important commercial metal after iron?
Robin:
– Yes, of course. It is a metal with a very wide range of use in daily life.
Franklin:
– —-
Robin:
– Yes, true. But, with the addition of other metals, such as copper and magnesium, hard and corrosion-resistant alloys are produced, and it is these alloys that are widely used in structures, containers, packaging and other sectors.

Jerry :
– Have you heard that South Korean scientists recently cloned a pit bull terrier for its American owner?
Sarah :
– Yes, and the owner paid $25,000 for five genetically identical copies.
Jerry :
– —-
Sarah :
– Never, even if it were for free!

Ruth:
– What do you think of global warming and humans’ alleged role in it?
Larry: – Global warming is a problem that will largely have to be solved through energy conservation, but —-
Ruth:
– What do you really mean?
Larry:
– I mean it’s environmental hypocrisy!
Ruth:
– Hypocrisy?
Larry:
– Yes. These people preach clean energy, simple living, and use of mass transportation while doing none of these things themselves.

68. – 71. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en yakın cümleyi bulunuz.

Until recently people felt that Nigerian ministers were being too optimistic, but there is now no question that the country’s financial position is growing steadily stronger.

According to de-miners, up to 90 per cent of their time is spent combing areas that ultimately prove to be free of mines.

Her aquatic undertakings captured the public imagination and brought her unexpected fame.

People have usually assumed that this mountain village was abandoned because easier living conditions were available elsewhere.

72. – 75. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz.

Researchers divide the symptoms of schizophrenia into two categories. The first comprises hallucinations, paranoia and delusions usually associated with the disease. —- The other group of symptoms, categorized as ‘negative’, includes loss of motivation, degraded social skills and an inability to feel pleasure.

One characteristic property of a gas is its compressibility, that is, its ability to be squeezed into a smaller volume by the application of pressure. By comparison, liquids and solids are relatively incompressible. The compressibility of gases was first studied quantitatively by Robert Boyle in 1661. When he poured mercury into the open end of a J-shaped tube, the volume of the enclosed gas decreased. Each addition of mercury increased the pressure on the gas, decreasing its volume. —-

The Renaissance, as both a period and a concept, continues to generate lively debate about its origins and influence on European culture and thought. —-. Any new evaluation of the historical significance of the Renaissance requires attention to these kinds of primary evidence.

Embarrassment seems likely to serve three basic functions. First, it serves as a pacification gesture to others by signalling that the violation was unintended and that it will not likely be repeated. Second, the intense dread of experiencing this emotion probably deters us from repeating whatever behaviours triggered the state. —-. Just as physical pain alerts us to threats to our physical well-being, embarrassment alerts us to threats to our social well-being. Third, embarrassment motivates us to undo the social damage and restore the esteem of others.

76. – 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulunuz.

(I) When the Turkish Republic was founded, Istanbul University was the only institution of higher education. (II) That is the reason why it is the feeder of all the universities existing in Turkey today, and the academics educated here have initiated the establishment of the other institutions. (III) Thus, Istanbul University has always been instrumental in the training of our country’s scientific cadres. (IV) The university functions as a reflection of Turkey’s history of independence. (V) In addition to its scientific impact, it has also been a leader in the movement towards enlightenment and modernization by acting as a bridge between science and life.

(I) The atmosphere has three prevailing winds that blow more or less continually. (II) The solar energy that reaches polar regions is less concentrated and produces lower temperatures. (III) Prevailing winds that blow from the northeast near the North Pole or the southeast near the South Pole are called ‘polar easterlies.’ (IV) Winds that blow in the mid-latitudes from the southwest in the Northern Hemisphere or the northwest in the Southern Hemisphere are ‘westerlies’. (V) Tropical winds that blow from the northeast in the Northern Hemisphere or the southeast in the Southern Hemisphere are referred to as ‘trade winds.’

(I) Mouth ulcers are painful sores on the inside of the mouth or tongue. (II) The pain comes about because the mucus membrane that forms the delicate lining inside the mouth has been ripped open, exposing nerves. (III) The most common type is caused by accidental injury. (IV) Other types can be caused by stress or fungal and viral infection. (V) White areas can appear anywhere in the mouth and often are simply food debris that can be wiped away.

(I) Painting portraits can be one of the most dependable and profitable ways for an artist to make a living. (II) Portrait artists, however, have to accept that their best works may never be seen by the general public. (III) Most artists find it helpful to get to know a person before embarking on a portrait of them. (IV) Instead, they will hang in private homes to be viewed only by family members and their friends. (V) Portraits of official people make up the one big exception.

(I) Volcanic eruptions in populated regions are a significant threat to people, property, and agriculture. (II) Most volcanoes have steep sides, but some can be gently sloping mountains or even flat tablelands, plateaus, or plains. (III) The volcanoes above sea level are the best known, but the vast majority of the world’s volcanoes lie beneath the sea, formed along the global oceanic ridge systems. (IV) More than 1,500 above-sea volcanoes have been active during the past 10,000 years, 539 of them erupting one or more times in recorded history. (V) On average, 50 to 60 above-sea volcanoes worldwide are active in any given year; about half of these are continuations of eruptions from previous years, and the rest are new.